tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4492261151549874912024-03-05T14:43:28.842-05:00365 CourageYour Daily Dose of Grit and Glory —
Celebrating the Spirit of SuccessGeorge M. Spencerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07818413936028778734noreply@blogger.comBlogger105125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-449226115154987491.post-83353602347209745882018-07-20T06:57:00.004-04:002018-07-20T06:57:57.045-04:00<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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I'm thrilled to announce that I will be a guest on the WSMN-AM morning show talking about my new book "<a href="https://www.amazon.com/s/ref=nb_sb_noss?url=search-alias%3Dstripbooks&field-keywords=%22courage+101%3A+true+tales%22">Courage 101: True Tales of Grit & Glory</a>." More news about the date and time later!<br />
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<br />George M. Spencerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07818413936028778734noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-449226115154987491.post-13169936138729844812018-07-19T12:27:00.003-04:002018-07-19T12:27:43.164-04:00My New Book: Courage 101: True Tales of Grit & Glory<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
My New Book:</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<a href="https://www.amazon.com/s/ref=nb_sb_noss?url=search-alias%3Dstripbooks&field-keywords=%22courage+101%3A+true+tales%22">Courage 101: True Tales of Grit & Glory</a></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
Buy it now on Amazon</div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
in Paperback and Kindle App</div>
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George M. Spencerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07818413936028778734noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-449226115154987491.post-81758888987267303442017-11-20T07:00:00.005-05:002018-07-17T19:28:55.185-04:00"Just and True"<div class="MsoNormal">
<i>"But see, think,
judge; do as the Lord our healer Shall direct you."</i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i><br /></i></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Bright red
flags went up over more and more front doors of Boston homes in 1721. Some had
the words "God have mercy on this house" emblazoned on them. Smallpox
had returned. The flags meant: "Quarantine. Do Not Enter." <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>The plague
had struck this thriving city of more than 10,000 colonists years earlier.
Remembering its horrors, more than 1,000 people fled to the countryside.
"This grievous Calamity of the Small-Pox has now entered the Town,"
wrote the prominent minister Cotton Mather (shown below). He called the disease "the
destroying Angel." Smallpox typically killed half of all the children and
old people who contracted it and about 15 percent of all other sufferers.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Mather had
a rare knowledge of smallpox. Five years earlier when a journal published one
of his essays, he chanced up an article in the same issue describing the
strange Turkish practice of "Inoculation" against the disease. The
report said that when liquid from the pox (or material from their resulting
scabs) was placed under the skin of those who had not had the disease, a great
number of the resulting cases were less severe than if the disease had been
contracted naturally.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
“be WARILY proceeded in”<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Mather had
evidence of this in his own home. Years before he had bought a slave and named
him Onesimus which means "Beneficial." How fitting it was, for
Onesimus told Mather that he had been inoculated and showed him the procedure's
scar. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>He did
further research and learned that this strange ritual was performed among the
"heathens" and "'primitives" not only in Africa but also in
Asia and Russia. Mather then wrote a leading Boston physician. "How many
Lives might be saved by it, if it were practiced?" he asked and
recommended that it "be WARILY proceeded in."<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>When the
letter was forwarded to other doctors, none showed an interest—except the
surgeon Zabdiel Boylston. Perhaps the others were wary of being associated with
Mather. He had been a leading figure in the Salem Witch Trials, and his efforts
had led to 20 executions. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Boylston
was controversial, too. He had recently performed the first mastectomy in America,
cutting off a woman's cancerous breast. Other doctors were appalling, saying
that it was impossible to cure the disease that way. He had also removed bladder
stones from children, a practice associated with quacks. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>He clearly
didn't care what others thought. He charged more than other physicians and had
no qualms about suing patients who failed to pay. He also had the weird habit
of changing his clothes and bathing after visiting patients. Perhaps worse, he
had not studied at Harvard.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
“Ravings and Deliriums”<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Boylston knew
first-hand what smallpox could do. He was a smallpox survivor. His case had
been horrendous and had left him with a ravaged pockmarked face. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Here is how
he described the symptoms of smallpox in the worst cases: "Purple spots,
the bloody and parchment Pox, Hemorahages of Blood at the Mouth, Nose,
Fundament, and Privities; Ravings and Deliriums; Convulsions, and other Fits;
violent inflammations and Swellings in the Eyes and Throat; so that they cannot
see, or scarcely breathe, or swallow anything, to keep them from starving. Some
looking as black as the Stock, others as white as a Sheet; in some, the Pock
runs into Blisters, and the Skin stripping off, leaves the Flesh raw….Some have
been fill'd with loathsome Ulcers; others have had deep, and fistulous Ulcers
in their Bodies, or in their Limbs or Joints, with Rottenness of the Ligaments
and Bones: Some who live are Cripples, others Idiots, and many blind all their
Days." <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>He had
another reason for wanting to pursue inoculation. None of his six children had
had the disease. He decided to perform the procedure on his adult slave Jack,
the slave's son, and Thomas, his six-year-old son. He could not expect
Bostonians to submit to the procedure unless at least one of his family members
had undergone it. As for his slaves—they were, in the thinking of the day, his
valuable property, and he did not want to lose them. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Mather
implored Boylston to proceed, writing him, "See, think, judge; do as the
Lord our healer Shall direct you."<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Thomas and
the other child developed fevers and twitchings lasting more than a week before
the children regained full health, while Jack barely became ill.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>When
Bostonians learned what Boylston had done, "the immediate reaction was
shock," one historian wrote. He published a statement saying he was on
solid medical ground because the accounts from far-away lands were "just
and true" and his three patients had survived without lasting ill effects.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
“Infusing…Malignant Filth”<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Boston's
leading citizens convened a hearing. Boylston suffered through its verbal
abuse. Its report declared that he was "infusing…malignant Filth" in
patients and that what he was doing was well known to have "prov'd the
Death of many Persons." Two days later Boylston was inoculating others.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Someone hurled
a firebomb into his home, according to one account. It failed to explode.
Another person wanted to embarrass Boylston by secretly spreading tar on his
saddle. The dirty deed failed when the vandal accidentally put the tar on
another man's saddle and "spoil'd his Breeches."<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Over time,
Boylston inoculated 280 people. Only six died or 2.4 percent, far lower than
the usual fatality rate. Acclaim followed. Boylston wrote the book "An
Historical Account of the Small-Pox Inoculated in New England." He offered
a 15-step guide to performing inoculations, described each of his cases, and made
conclusions based on a statistical analysis (at a time when the word
'statistics' did not exist). He even proposed that tiny, unseen creatures
caused the disease by entering its victims via skin contact, respiration, or through
contaminated food or water.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Sometimes
it's courageous to get under people's skin, but it helps if you are a medical
professional.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Salutation"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Date"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Block Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Hyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="FollowedHyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Document Map"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Plain Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="E-mail Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Top of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Bottom of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal (Web)"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Acronym"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Cite"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Code"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Definition"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Keyboard"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Sample"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Typewriter"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Variable"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal Table"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation subject"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="No List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Contemporary"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Elegant"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Professional"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Balloon Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Theme"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="List Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="List Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="List Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
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<span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;"><b style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">MORAL: Your mother was right—</b></span><br />
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George M. Spencerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07818413936028778734noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-449226115154987491.post-84416420861512734782017-11-20T07:00:00.004-05:002018-07-17T19:29:08.891-04:00'Til Death<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<i style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">“</span></i><i style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #231f20; font-family: "cambria" , serif; padding: 0in;">All my present happiness is
more for what is to come.”</span></i></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjIUSqzOh9EZVSlpLdgqqVfsTio7r_-oCPEvzEzMAO-uzczrQG6zAXuyEydXW7wsGzv_vrsQGet1IUX6_iti6MuD-W64i8xj8E63jqmRRHi4AdkERJw-sCrDR2vhQO2bHA4PT6cvNsdIjIz/s1600/images.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="233" data-original-width="216" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjIUSqzOh9EZVSlpLdgqqVfsTio7r_-oCPEvzEzMAO-uzczrQG6zAXuyEydXW7wsGzv_vrsQGet1IUX6_iti6MuD-W64i8xj8E63jqmRRHi4AdkERJw-sCrDR2vhQO2bHA4PT6cvNsdIjIz/s1600/images.jpeg" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">Spanish
composer Enrique Granados missed the boat. His greatest success forced him to rebook
his passage across the Atlantic, and his shining moment cost him his life and
that of his wife, yet they both died heroes, each trying to save the other's life.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"> </span><span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">He won fame in his homeland in the
late 1890s with his first opera <i>Maria Del Carmen</i>. His piano compositions were
regarded as among the world’s best. An English critic called them “the finest
piano music of the day.” <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">International
acclaim came in 1911 with his <i>Goyescas</i>, a suite for piano consisting of six
compositions based on the paintings of fellow Spaniard Francisco Goya. The
Paris Opera then commissioned him to write an opera based on the suite. It was
to have premiered in 1914; however, the rampaging First World War forced the
cancellation of the performances.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>There was, nonetheless, good news.
New York’s Metropolitan Opera told Granados it wanted to stage his new opera, fixing it on its calendar for late January 1916. Granados was left with decidedly mixed feelings. He and his wife Amparo were honored that his work would be performed in New York City, and they sailed across the Atlantic to attend the opening. Yet Granados was also apprehensive. He had a morbid fear of dying a watery death and often had nightmares on
that theme.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">"I am only now beginning..." </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">The
financial successes he achieved in America delighted him. The Met handsomely paid
him, and he was well compensated for piano-roll recordings and private recitals in New York. In a review of one of his solo performances, The New York Times' music critic wrote, “Mr. Granados.…played with brilliance and power:
there were also the languor, the smoldering fire, the tenderness and passion
which belong in this music, by which it is marked with Spanish character.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">Until
this time, Granados, 50, had been a struggling artist. Now he was out of debt. His financial future looked promising. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>“</span><span style="border: none 1.0pt; color: #231f20; font-family: "cambria" , serif; padding: 0in;">I am only now beginning my work,” he
wrote a friend from Manhattan. "I am full of confidence and enthusiasm about
working more and more….I am a survivor of fruitless struggle [due] to the ignorance
and indifference [in my] country. All my present happiness is more for what is
to come than for what I have <span style="letter-spacing: -.75pt;">done up
to now.”</span></span><span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">New York critics gave his new opera mixed reviews, yet word of its performance reached the White House. Out of the blue, Granados received an invitation to perform a private recital for President Wilson who had said that music was “a national need” in time of
war. His daughter was a semi-professional singer and may have arranged the
invitation.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>The resulting delay meant that
Enrique and Amparo missed the embarkation of a Spanish ocean liner bound for Spain. Instead, they
booked passage to England on the Dutch liner<i> Rotterdam</i>. They night before
they embarked, terror gripped Granados. “Never again will I see my children,”
he wept to a friend on the telephone. “This is the end.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhatWXwYz8RCd-Zyr9mp74IGn-_60KBa44d4ISkvjuwPXoDRgh7Dbw0fh4dtdBbh5Ky9QePc5tmDo6wlhRcgVN11wRWWKzzrIlRCLR0bGYJdx6p-AaxZclcK5FkPxOot_xsDu4E2CcFxixX/s1600/enrique-granados-2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="750" data-original-width="900" height="267" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhatWXwYz8RCd-Zyr9mp74IGn-_60KBa44d4ISkvjuwPXoDRgh7Dbw0fh4dtdBbh5Ky9QePc5tmDo6wlhRcgVN11wRWWKzzrIlRCLR0bGYJdx6p-AaxZclcK5FkPxOot_xsDu4E2CcFxixX/s320/enrique-granados-2.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">Yet
a week later the <i>Rotterdam</i> arrived safely in England. From there they boarded
the French ferry <i>S.S. Sussex</i> which also served as a mail boat. At one p.m. on March 24, 1916, the <i>Sussex </i> left Dover for the four-hour trip across the English Channel
to Calais. Onboard were </span><span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; text-indent: 0.5in;">378 passengers and crew. </span><span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; text-indent: 0.5in;">German U-Boats had orders to conduct “unrestricted
submarine warfare” on any target. The ferry had no military escort.
No U-Boat had ever attacked a cross-Channel ferry.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">A lovely day</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"> It was a lovely
day. The sky was clear, the sea calm. Two hours into the voyage,<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">Granados was seen playing the piano in the ferry’s smoking room, according to an eyewitness. It's said he may have even been improvising something.</span><br />
<div style="text-indent: 0px;">
<span style="text-indent: 0.5in;"><span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"> At least one passenger saw a periscope jutting out of the waves. The
captain of the </span></span><i style="font-family: cambria, serif; text-indent: 0.5in;">Sussex</i><span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; text-indent: 0.5in;"> spotted a torpedo, and he ordered his ship hard
to starboard. Had he seen it a few seconds earlier, his ship's evasive action
would have caused the torpedo to whiz by harmlessly. Instead, it hit near the bow, exploding
with devastating force.</span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">“A
moment of silence, then Hell let loose,” wrote an American survivor. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">Terrified
passengers leapt into the water, whether or not they were wearing life jackets.
Because the U-Boat threat was not taken seriously, the ferry did not have
enough vests onboard. Many it did have were so old they were
rotten and fell apart<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">“The
scenes around us were harrowing,” the survivor wrote. “The water was full of
men and women, swimming, sinking, drowning, clinging to spars, boards, and
other bits of wreckage, crying out in the agony of the last hold on life.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">In
the panic and confusion, the <i>Sussex’s</i> radio operator sent out the wrong
location for his ship, causing French destroyers to search 20 miles away. The first
rescue vessel did not reach the <i>Sussex</i> until midnight, nine hours after the
attack. <o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><br /></span>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4kWBJwyS3R9gNobHk9-jN3-UCU9bygC8PWU13OsT_uQap87YKUARObvCtiCqYtHAQxdiJ2bKv-uhuqRnieunY9Hksc1FRq65mz94EXPw8jMxAyY5zpd-RqnP-ercYcFkx7CKIQG8WddFL/s1600/Ferry_%2522Sussex%2522_torpedoed_1916.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="382" data-original-width="578" height="212" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj4kWBJwyS3R9gNobHk9-jN3-UCU9bygC8PWU13OsT_uQap87YKUARObvCtiCqYtHAQxdiJ2bKv-uhuqRnieunY9Hksc1FRq65mz94EXPw8jMxAyY5zpd-RqnP-ercYcFkx7CKIQG8WddFL/s320/Ferry_%2522Sussex%2522_torpedoed_1916.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">In
a bizarre twist, the <i>Sussex</i> broke in half. The forward part of the ship sank,
while the stern remained afloat and was later towed to shore. As a result, somewhere between only 50 and 100 passengers and crew died. The Granados’ cabin was in the stern. Had they been there at the time of the attack, they might have survived.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">The
captain begged passengers not to abandon ship. A friend of Enrique and Amparo
also implored them not to go into the water. Both husband and wife considered
their chances and leapt into the sea. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">Passengers
still onboard the <i>Sussex</i> watched in horror as Enrique became separated from
Amparo, who was a better swimmer. Accounts differ. Some eyewitnesses saw Amparo
struggling to keep Enrique afloat. Other saw both floating on a raft in the
frigid water. Amparo slipped over the side. Seeing her fighting to keep her head above the water,
Enrique jumped in to rescue her, and both went under the waves, leaving their six children orphans<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">In
Europe and America, musical organizations held fund-raising concerts to benefit
the children. In May 1916 at a benefit at the Met, pianist Ignace Paderewski
performed Chopin’s ‘Funeral March.’ The audience stood in silence. All lights in the theatre were extinguished, except a
lone candle on his piano.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Closing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Message Header"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Salutation"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Date"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Block Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Hyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="FollowedHyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Document Map"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Plain Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="E-mail Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Top of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Bottom of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal (Web)"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Acronym"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Cite"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Code"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Definition"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Keyboard"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Sample"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Typewriter"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Variable"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal Table"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation subject"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="No List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Contemporary"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Elegant"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Professional"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Balloon Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Theme"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 6"/>
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<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; text-indent: .5in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">MORAL:
To have and to hold.<o:p></o:p></span></b><br />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><br /></span></b>
<br />
<div style="text-indent: 0px;">
<span style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); color: #1d2129; font-family: cambria, serif; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px;">Buy the book "</span><a href="https://www.amazon.com/s/ref=nb_sb_noss?url=search-alias%3Dstripbooks&field-keywords=%22courage+101%3A+true+tales%22" style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); font-family: cambria, serif; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px;">Courage 101: True Tales of Grit & Glory</a><span style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); color: #1d2129; font-family: cambria, serif; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px;">" at Amazon!</span></div>
</div>
George M. Spencerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07818413936028778734noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-449226115154987491.post-37176918951695842422017-11-20T07:00:00.003-05:002018-07-17T19:29:18.820-04:00The Babe's Battle<i>"You just can't
beat the person who never gives up."</i><br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgiGzqOk8PpiF2DAEhlv8VvYch7q5lvllCnQF8uOqnhv-bxs9H6ypLSpE9q33on6WEjDxaK8gkAsZNG3pPPkoE009xhdVWBrE-4lzZqElqBF2ox5gpy2Hthxny-DOckRK25XoU2qkVkIzmb/s1600/Unknown-1.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="183" data-original-width="276" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgiGzqOk8PpiF2DAEhlv8VvYch7q5lvllCnQF8uOqnhv-bxs9H6ypLSpE9q33on6WEjDxaK8gkAsZNG3pPPkoE009xhdVWBrE-4lzZqElqBF2ox5gpy2Hthxny-DOckRK25XoU2qkVkIzmb/s1600/Unknown-1.jpeg" /></a></div>
<div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Everything
about him was big. His whole life was big, and in September 1946 the pain in
his head was big. The agony behind his left eye wouldn't go away. The whole
left side of his face was swollen. His left eye had clamped shut. His whole
head ached, and he was hoarse and couldn't swallow.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>At first,
the doctors thought it was merely a sinus infection. Then they guessed some of
his teeth had gone bad, so they pulled three. Then came the diagnosis—a rare
cancer in the back of his nose and throat—nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Only about
1,000 Americans are diagnosed with it every year. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Babe Ruth
would be dead 21 months later. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>He fought
hard, just the way he'd battled to win all through his life. He was one of the
first patients in the world to receive experimental chemotherapy. Some
researchers think he was the first patient with his type of cancer to be given
both chemotherapy and radiation. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
A Tough Old Ox<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Maybe he
was in the right place at the right time. Maybe the doctors thought he was such
a tough old ox that he would thrive in the face of unknown treatments.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>He asked no
questions about what his doctors were doing. He knew that the daily injections
of teroptin might help him or that they might make his condition much worse. He
had been told the drug had rarely been given to humans before. (It is related
to methotrexate which today is used to treat cancer.)<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">''I realized that if anything
was learned about that type of treatment, whether good or bad, it would be of
use in the future to the medical profession and maybe to a lot of people with
my same trouble,'' Ruth wrote in his autobiography.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>To say that Ruth was tough would be
the understatement to end all understatements. Casual baseball fans and experts
agree he was the best who's ever played the game, and you don't win that sort
of universal acclaim unless your hard-won achievements prove it ten times over.
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">An
Olympian Record<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>When he started in the major leagues
in 1914, the home run record was 27. He hit 27 in 1919. The next year he
slammed an amazing 54. His all-time high of 60 came in 1927, and he closed his
career with 714 dingers, an olympian record that stood for 47 years.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Want more? He led the league in
homers 12 times. He played on seven world championship teams.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>What's more, before he was the king
of sluggers, he was one of the best pitchers ever. He is lifetime ERA (Earned
Run Average) of 2.28 over 1,221 innings ranks him as the third best pitcher
ever in major league baseball.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>He loved everything about life from
hot dogs and women to fast cars and fancy clothes. Most of all, he loved kids.
In the 1926 World Series, he even performed something close to a miracle for a
seriously ill boy named Johnny Sylvester. On his death bed (or what the press
said were his final house), Johnny asked his father if he could have a ball
autographed by Babe Ruth. The press got the story, and the Babe said he could
do better than that—he would hit a home run for Johnny. And Babe Ruth being
Babe Ruth, he hit three home runs in that game. Johnny Sylvester lived until
1990.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";">“A
Rotten Start”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>What explains the Babe's affection
for children? When he was seven, his father took him by the hand to St. Mary's
Industrial School for Boys in Baltimore. It was an orphanage. Ruth would spend
the next 12 years there. He was on its books as "incorrigible." He didn't have an easy time of it, at least at first—the other children taunted him, calling him "nigger lips" because of his dark complexion.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br /></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpjEe-kgHml1-TVFTJhbRdSoTb1e097OWFs5jUvWN9fOhurz2B-NGVYU7ym0M9MvFz5C5t1MdQKI3xmeeqwEA-DdRUTd2NKo0BgvXARgyqlVWi6AH2fUnnaxGupmE4zbEzYqu0V1sPB7nL/s1600/Babe-Ruth-1000x600-810x486.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="486" data-original-width="810" height="192" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpjEe-kgHml1-TVFTJhbRdSoTb1e097OWFs5jUvWN9fOhurz2B-NGVYU7ym0M9MvFz5C5t1MdQKI3xmeeqwEA-DdRUTd2NKo0BgvXARgyqlVWi6AH2fUnnaxGupmE4zbEzYqu0V1sPB7nL/s320/Babe-Ruth-1000x600-810x486.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>No one knows why he was sent there.
His father was a saloon keeper. Maybe the police told his father his joint was
just too rough to have a child around. On the other hand, Ruth told reporters
no one could make him go to school and that he had learned how to hold a beer
mug before most kids could hold pencils.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>"</span>I hardly knew my
parents," he wrote in his autobiography. "I had a rotten start, and
it took me a long time to get my bearings." Rarely did his parents visit
him. "I guess I am too big and ugly for anyone to come to see me. Maybe
next time," one of the other boys remembered him saying.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Ruth may
have started out rotten, but he ripened into one of the world's greatest
athletes and most beloved celebrities. His appetite for life was insatiable.
"I swing big with everything I've got," he said. "I hit big, or
I miss big. I like to live as big as I can."<o:p></o:p><br />
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;"><b style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">MORAL: If you play for one run, that's all you get.</b></span></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); color: #1d2129; font-family: cambria, serif; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px;">Buy the book "</span><a href="https://www.amazon.com/s/ref=nb_sb_noss?url=search-alias%3Dstripbooks&field-keywords=%22courage+101%3A+true+tales%22" style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); font-family: cambria, serif; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px;">Courage 101: True Tales of Grit & Glory</a><span style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); color: #1d2129; font-family: cambria, serif; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px;">" at Amazon!</span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><o:p></o:p></div>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Closing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Message Header"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Salutation"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Date"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Block Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Hyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="FollowedHyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Document Map"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Plain Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="E-mail Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Top of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Bottom of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal (Web)"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Acronym"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Cite"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Code"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Definition"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Keyboard"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Sample"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Typewriter"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Variable"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal Table"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation subject"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="No List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Contemporary"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Elegant"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Professional"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Balloon Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Theme"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="List Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4"/>
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George M. Spencerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07818413936028778734noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-449226115154987491.post-79275873352228745432017-11-20T07:00:00.002-05:002018-07-17T19:29:30.751-04:00Looking So Lonesome<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<i><span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">“What we play is life.”</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzmJ56tIG6d-QW1oW7QJc2t5sVRo4SraNd9XitjJVtokPgXlliPr3fOlH9y75hKfdwzEOTpYyQySJoC1rzugDF6TvicvnEtfmc8u_5Gw7MhmNuXLHyvW5zm8yJ7FE7ZdWetJWxAkcAjIoQ/s1600/LOUIS-ARMSTRONG-Autograph.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1000" data-original-width="807" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzmJ56tIG6d-QW1oW7QJc2t5sVRo4SraNd9XitjJVtokPgXlliPr3fOlH9y75hKfdwzEOTpYyQySJoC1rzugDF6TvicvnEtfmc8u_5Gw7MhmNuXLHyvW5zm8yJ7FE7ZdWetJWxAkcAjIoQ/s320/LOUIS-ARMSTRONG-Autograph.jpg" width="258" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Louis ‘Satchmo’ Armstrong was music—a larger than life figure so full of joy, rhythm, and melody his
recordings seem barely able to contain his personality. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Armstrong must have been born happy
and strong, because his childhood would have broken anyone else. All his life
he believed he was born on July 4, 1900, perhaps thinking he was a symbol of America
and a new era. (After his death, scholars learned that August 4,
1901, was his birth date.) <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">An
illegitimate child, he grew up in the aptly named Battlefield district of New
Orleans. He barely attended school. He made money singing in the streets, working for a junk-hauling company, strolling along its wagon tooting a tin horn to attract customers. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">When
he was 11, he fired a gun in the air as part of a celebration. A judge sentenced him to a term of
indefinite length at the New Orleans Home for Colored Waifs. During his three
years there, he played in its orchestra. “Am always proud to tell the world of
the place [that] started me out as a first-class musician,” Armstrong later said. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Returning
to a rough life in the streets, he hauled coal in a wagon, while also playing gigs at night until he was able to break into performing
full time.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Loose
yet tight<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">It’s
fair to say that Armstrong personally created jazz or at least transformed it into a whole new thing. Before he came along, a
New Orleans Dixieland band would play as a group. Lively, yes, but restrained, even conventional to the modern ear. Armstrong used the group
setting as a launching pad for his solos. They were loose yet tight,
wild yet tasteful, and always fresh and always tasty. When other musicians
heard his recordings, he became the man to imitate. Everyone wanted to be as
free as the free-spirited Armstrong.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">It’s
no surprise that a man as fearless as Louis Armstrong wanted to record his
sound. Many jazz musicians in the early 1920s saw no point in doing so. The
technology was so primitive it couldn’t capture their sound, and they were only be
paid a pittance compared to what the record company might earn. Plus, musicians were afraid competitors hearing their discs would steal their stuff.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Armstrong
sensed that being on records would bring new ears to his music. He didn’t care
where he recorded—even if it meant going into a stronghold of the Ku Klux Klan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">In
April 1923, Armstrong played in King Oliver’s Creole Jazz Band. Oliver told his
musicians they were going to Richmond, Indiana, a five-hour train ride from
Chicago, to cut tracks at the Gennett Record
Division of the Starr Piano Company. At that time it was the world’s
largest manufacturer of pianos, making about 15,000 a year. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Its
recording business brought the company extra revenue. The
studio was ramshackle—a one-room wooden shack.
Soundproofing? Sawdust on the floor and heavy drapes blanketing the
walls. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The
studio needed all the muffling it could get—The Whitewater River ran beside it. It’s
said that its rushing sound could sometimes be heard on recordings. Worse,
train tracks were nearby....three feet away. Sessions had to be halted when freight
trains blasted past.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Legendary musicians recorded there—band leader and composer Duke
Ellington, pianists Jelly Roll Morton and Hoagy Carmichael, trumpet player Bix
Beiderbecke, country music pioneers Gene Autry and Charlie Patton, and bluesman
Blind Lemon Jefferson. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjsgaQ-Tfmlwhz_60zOzgeUe3GGigCCYI2vXD3EF4BLEkD3LssEF5J-khqZfQHt0DYLvI2Q5Fr07KohGHJvYjT4iI49xfMfHgcLRjBMNFt2Bw4oV0Au-ICUK-L22XvvV4pBsLi8LHMXVCrB/s1600/louis-armstrong---nicknames.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="170" data-original-width="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjsgaQ-Tfmlwhz_60zOzgeUe3GGigCCYI2vXD3EF4BLEkD3LssEF5J-khqZfQHt0DYLvI2Q5Fr07KohGHJvYjT4iI49xfMfHgcLRjBMNFt2Bw4oV0Au-ICUK-L22XvvV4pBsLi8LHMXVCrB/s1600/louis-armstrong---nicknames.jpg" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">(In
those days, jazz records were deemed so degenerate thatstores sold
them under the counter, and the four-letter word ‘jazz’ rarely, if ever, appeared on
record sleeves. Gennett marketed its ‘race’ music under the heading of “Snappy
Dance Hits on Gennett Records by Exclusive Gennett Colored Artists.”)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Every
time Gennett recorded a group it would typically pay $15 to $50 per session. After
all, the studio was gambling on whether shoppers would buy the resulting
discs.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">But
it did have one sure thing—a local cash-paying customer…the Ku Klux Klan. More
Klan members lived in Indiana than in any other state. Somewhere between 250,000
and 500,000 Hoosiers belonged to the Klan. As many as half of all adult men in
Richmond, including its mayor, belonged to the KKK.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Its
members considered themselves patriotic Protestants. Besides terrorizing blacks, the Klan was known for its fiery opposition to Jewish 'influence' in America as well as
immigration, particularly by Catholics from Europe.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Because
they paid us<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Although the Klan was all about hate, its members did love music. Weirdly, it recorded under its own
KKK label. Some of its songs included numbers like “Daddy Swiped Our Last Clean
Sheet and Joined the Ku Klux Klan” by the Logansport Ku Klux Klan Quartette,
“Johnny, Join the Klan,” “Wake Up America--Kluck Kluck Kluck” and, more
ominously, “There’ll Be a Hot Time.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>The family-owned Gennett company
held its nose while taking the Klan's money. Owner Clarence Gennett once overhead
a Klan record being played in the company’s reception room and told an employee
to destroy it. Ezra Wickemeyer, the recording engineer who ran the studio, was
Catholic. He loathed the KKK. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>In the company’s defense, the
owner’s son later said, “We put out the [KKK] records because they paid us.
That was all. We did a lot of vanity records for all kinds of people.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The
Klan’s recordings never appeared in the catalog Gennett distributed to
retailers.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>When King Oliver’s group came to record, Wickemeyer wanted to
get the best possible sound out of them. </span><span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">He instructed the musicians to position themselves in front of a giant five-foot megaphone and play directly into it. The
sound would then be funneled to a steel needle which would vibrate as its
tip skimmed the surface of a spinning wax disc. The resulting nearly microscopic
grooved impressions would leap back to life when the resulting disc was played
at 78 revolutions per minute.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Besides the roaring, rumbling training river noises
from outside, being in the studio was unpleasant. Bands couldn’t cut loose and
play at length. Discs could only hold three-minutes of sound. Musicians
couldn’t hear each other. And because the wax had to be soft to take impressions
from the needle, the room had to be kept as hot as a sauna.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The
band played a few takes, but something was wrong. Wickemeyer looked at Armstrong
and told him to get away from the megaphone. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The
effect on Armstrong was visible to everyone. His wife Lil played piano in the
band, and she recalled that “Louis was standing over there looking so lonesome." </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 16px; text-indent: 0.5in;">Armstrong played his horn with such power and verve that he was overwhelming the other instruments. Wickemeyer told Armstrong to stand at the far corner of the room 12 feet away. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 0.5in;">"He thought it was bad for him to have to be away from the band," his wife recalled. "I was
convinced, he really can play good, because if his tone overshadows Joe
[Oliver] that much, he’s gotta be better.”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">That
day the group recorded the song “Chime’s Blues.” This legendary moment marked
the first occasion Armstrong recorded a solo. The jaunty tune percolates along
for its first two minutes. It’s a toe-tapper, but nothing special. Then
Armstrong kicks in. The effect is startling. “What is<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"> that</i>?” one thinks.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">“Suddenly
[the song] fast forwards into the twentieth century,” writes Lawrence Bergreen
in ‘Louis Armstrong: An Extravagant Life.’ “His bold, ascending, trilling,
metallic notes streak over the creaky proceedings like a comet. Louis
demonstrates great presence; as soon as you hear his horn—jarring, fresh,
jagged, and sinuous—you know he has it.” Armstrong wasn't the first jazz artist to solo, but he did it better than anyone had ever done it before.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">After
recording, the band trooped back to the train station where they rode
five-hours back to Chicago. Because of the Klan’s dominance of Richmond, they
couldn’t safely spend the night there.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The
next morning, they caught the train back and laid down more tracks, including
“Dippermouth Blues.” (‘Dipper’ was one of Armstrong’s nicknames, referring to
the size of his mouth. ‘Satchmo’ is a shortened version of ‘Satchel Mouth.”)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Of
that song, Bergreen writes, “He tickles the phrases, then wails and stomps, and
sends them." Scholars say these renowned recordings perfectly capture the
sound of New Orleans music in the 1920s. But it's Armstrong’s playing that stands
as a signpost to the future.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">The
band boldly returned to Richmond for another recording session on October 5,
1923. One disc came of the session—“Alligator Hop” and “Krooked Blues.” They took a chance being there. The
Klan often held parades in in the city. By coincidence, the one that day was a
record breaker.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>“The largest Ku Klux Klan demonstration ever
given in Wayne County was viewed last night by approximately 30,000 people,”
reported 'The Richmond Item’ newspaper. “Fully 6,000 members of the Klan
participated in the monster parade, which in magnitude and impressiveness has
had few equals in the city.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">How
Armstrong and his band got in and out of town that day is lost to history. It
is sweet and fitting that the powerful band that ruled the streets that day has
withered to nearly nothing, while a small band of men in a shack changed the
course of music, gladdening the hearts of millions of people.</span></div>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 200%;">MORAL:
Play your solo, but also be a team player.</span></b></div>
<div style="text-align: center; text-indent: 0px;">
<span style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); color: #1d2129; font-family: cambria, serif; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px;">Buy the book "</span><a href="https://www.amazon.com/s/ref=nb_sb_noss?url=search-alias%3Dstripbooks&field-keywords=%22courage+101%3A+true+tales%22" style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); font-family: cambria, serif; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px;">Courage 101: True Tales of Grit & Glory</a><span style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); color: #1d2129; font-family: cambria, serif; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px;">" at Amazon!</span></div>
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George M. Spencerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07818413936028778734noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-449226115154987491.post-75193310335516323092017-11-20T07:00:00.001-05:002018-07-17T19:29:41.272-04:00A Faithful Dog<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">
<i><span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"> “Prevailed
on them to follow him to the fatal spot…”</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBuVWzJVVIlzWv_Uz7auFVZA05BBpZrqCLmxq2Sa3n1ZvdeuRBsT1MW0SjLVKJHhoOX0r1lg_hQ1OhEFDFDVVBYj2EHVkdUx9mxLrYVwJqqhdG5mQVv7gSzwOGK_Nyspm-5ikQqTD6PMJI/s1600/James_Thacher.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="257" data-original-width="170" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiBuVWzJVVIlzWv_Uz7auFVZA05BBpZrqCLmxq2Sa3n1ZvdeuRBsT1MW0SjLVKJHhoOX0r1lg_hQ1OhEFDFDVVBYj2EHVkdUx9mxLrYVwJqqhdG5mQVv7gSzwOGK_Nyspm-5ikQqTD6PMJI/s1600/James_Thacher.jpg" /></a></div>
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<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><o:p><br /></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Consider
this account from the diary of Dr. James Thacher, a surgeon in the Continental
Army during the Revolutionary War. The events below occurred near Saratoga, New
York, in October or November 1777. They are taken from Dr. Thatcher's book “A Military
Journal During the American Revolutionary War.”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">“Among
the most remarkable occurances which come under my observation, the following
is deserving of particular notice.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">“Captain
Greg, of one of the New York regiments, while stationed at Fort Stanwix, on the
Mohawk river, went with two of his soldiers into the woods a short distance to
shoot pigeons; a party of Indians started suddenly from concealment in the
bushes, shot them all down, tomahawked and scalped them, and left them for
dead.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">“The
captain, after some time revived, and perceiving his men were killed; himself
robbed of his scalp, and suffering extreme agony from his numerous wounds, made
an effort to move and lay his bleeding head on one of the dead bodies,
expecting soon to expire. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">In
the tenderest manner<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">“A
faithful dog who accompanied him, manifested great agitation, and in the
tenderest manner licked his wounds, which afforded him great relief from
exquisite distress. He then directed the dog, as if a human being, to go in
search of some person to come to his relief. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">“The
animal, with every appearance of anxiety, ran about a mile, when he met two men
fishing in the river, and endeavored in the most moving manner, by whining and
piteous cries, to prevail on them to follow him into the woods; struck with the
singular conduct of the dog, they were induced to follow him a part of the way,
but fearing some decoy or danger, they were about to return, when the dog,
fixing his eyes on them, renewed his entreaties by his cries, and taking hold
of their clothes with his teeth, prevailed on them to follow him to the fatal
spot. <o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpjbIclYSIpAIfHAMh6_wt_dVSZLttB4yzrNYYDpAyKbwNfxuhhum0-6oJHhMlSr414mE8cD6NMXHH4LALfs_MYUywKbsfWaPTDU4LPR0s_CdU8i_V75ktWRxu5DcjHitq01VEhqPU1CnQ/s1600/54f284505e88adfcc4b7307d9a09db60--american-revolutionary-war-american-war.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="625" data-original-width="433" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpjbIclYSIpAIfHAMh6_wt_dVSZLttB4yzrNYYDpAyKbwNfxuhhum0-6oJHhMlSr414mE8cD6NMXHH4LALfs_MYUywKbsfWaPTDU4LPR0s_CdU8i_V75ktWRxu5DcjHitq01VEhqPU1CnQ/s320/54f284505e88adfcc4b7307d9a09db60--american-revolutionary-war-american-war.jpg" width="221" /></a></div>
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">“Such
as the remarkable fidelity and sagacity of this animal. Captain Greg was immediately
carried to the fort, where his wounds were dressed; he was afterward removed to
our hospital and put under my care. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">“He
was a most frightful spectacle; the whole of his scalp was removed; in two
places on the fore part of his head, the tomahawk had penetrated through the
skull; there was a wound on his back with the same instrument, besides a wound
in his side and another through his arm by a musket ball. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Kind
and over-ruling Providence<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">“This
unfortunate man, after suffering extremely for a long time, finally recovered,
and appeared to be well satisfied in having his scalp restored to him, though
uncovered with hair. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">“The
Indian mode of scalping their victims is this—with a knife they made a circular
cut form the forehead quite round, just about the ears, then taking hold of the
skin with their teeth, they tear off the whole hairy scalp in an instant, with
wonderful dexterity. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">“This
they carefully dry and preserve as a trophy, showing the number of their
victims, and they have a method of painting on the dried scalp, different
figures, and colors, to designate the sex and age of the victim, and also the
manner and circumstance of the murder.”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">In
the consideration of this tale of canine courage, remember the bravery of
Captain Greg and his compatriots, as well as that of Dr. Thatcher. His diary
begins when he entered the service in January 1775 with this entry:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">“I
shall venture, I hope not rashly, to enlist, and trust my destiny in the hands
of a kind and over-ruling Providence. My contemplated enterprise, it is true,
requires the experience and resolution of riper years than twenty one….”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Upon returning home in 1783, Dr. Thacher practiced in Plymouth, Massachusetts.
He died at the age of 90 in 1844.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><b>MORAL:
Be dogged.<o:p></o:p></b></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center; text-indent: 0px;">
<span style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); color: #1d2129; font-family: cambria, serif; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px;">Buy the book "</span><a href="https://www.amazon.com/s/ref=nb_sb_noss?url=search-alias%3Dstripbooks&field-keywords=%22courage+101%3A+true+tales%22" style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); font-family: cambria, serif; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px;">Courage 101: True Tales of Grit & Glory</a><span style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); color: #1d2129; font-family: cambria, serif; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px;">" at Amazon!</span></div>
</div>
George M. Spencerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07818413936028778734noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-449226115154987491.post-45578517091775011832017-11-20T07:00:00.000-05:002018-07-17T19:29:50.891-04:00New Breath of Life<div class="MsoNormal">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="background: white; color: black;">"Women are liberated from the time they
leave the womb."<o:p></o:p></span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;"><span style="background: white; color: black;"><br /></span></i></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqw6CBDueBJxz9Uv1PutauH1UCaLP4iBTkgc0C2gBcXq_RPhw9hP1OrpG2wy5XANgWIVLEY6krQG81FQkvLXIPMaJ3VN5gLupPkDr8jhjEIpGQNkMRfIlNH0Qg6DHP9X_2NmLgI48C__Mo/s1600/75-i25.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="239" data-original-width="220" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqw6CBDueBJxz9Uv1PutauH1UCaLP4iBTkgc0C2gBcXq_RPhw9hP1OrpG2wy5XANgWIVLEY6krQG81FQkvLXIPMaJ3VN5gLupPkDr8jhjEIpGQNkMRfIlNH0Qg6DHP9X_2NmLgI48C__Mo/s1600/75-i25.jpg" /></a></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background: white; color: black;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Dr. Virginia Apgar never held her
breath when it came time to start something new. She began taking flying
lessons when she was in her 50s. She often joked that her goal was to one day
fly under the George Washington Bridge that spanned the Hudson River in New
York City. She was no <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">under </i>achiever.
During her long career, she flew higher than most physicians.</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Her
interest in medicine began because, as a child, her brother was chronically ill,
and she took a loving interest in his condition. She could have done most
anything in life. In school she was irrepressible, playing seven sports, acting
in stage plays, working on the school newspaper, and playing violin in the
orchestra. She did do poorly in one subject—home economics. Friends said she
never learned how to cook.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>There
were few female doctors when she started medical school in 1929 at New York's Columbia
College of Physicians. By the time she graduated (fourth in her class), she had
amassed debts totaling $4,000, an astounding amount at the time. She wanted to
become a surgeon. Opportunities were few in that specialty, and with pressing
economic needs, she turned to anesthesia, a field more open to women. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">“Stag Dinner—MAD!”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>But
that was a struggle, too. At the time, nurses often performed anesthesia, and
surgeons looked down on doctors who were anesthesiologists. Professional
dinners were held at men's clubs which forbid entry to women. In her diary, Dr.
Apgar once wrote, "Good meeting. Stag dinner—MAD!"<span style="background: white; color: black;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background: white; color: black;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Anesthesiology continued to be a
neglected area of medicine for years, but Dr. Apgar worked tirelessly, becoming
her alma mater's first female professor in 1949. Her research focused on
anesthesia during childbirth. Though medical care had improved greatly since
the early 1900s, infant mortality rates remained high—especially during the
first 24 hours of life. In those days, many newborns were not routinely given
immediate medical attention.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background: white; color: black;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Apgar realized that a key to saving
the lives of more babies was examining them closely and immediately after birth
to see if they were breathing well and getting enough oxygen. At the time,
various doctors used competing systems to determine whether or not a newborn
was in distress.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background: white; color: black;">“You’d Do
It Like This.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background: white; color: black;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Legend has it that one day in 1949 a
medical student commented to her about the need to better evaluate newborns.
Taking a piece of paper, Dr. Apgar said, "That's easy. You'd do it like
this" and wrote down the vital signs that should be observed.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background: white; color: black;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhWOA-JTavHNhLOCfs5v6t4fJGkVgctyQGSEKbPeWzz_fU45I8KqOhhdGyHske1-GkXcqqH2vydytOLcUsG60MfY10AZrjmG9ed8aWVIsMvrkQ4Q0Dyu_vKceZX_SppfFzkjxSugHR67euk/s1600/o-DR-VIRGINIA-APGAR-facebook.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="800" data-original-width="1600" height="160" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhWOA-JTavHNhLOCfs5v6t4fJGkVgctyQGSEKbPeWzz_fU45I8KqOhhdGyHske1-GkXcqqH2vydytOLcUsG60MfY10AZrjmG9ed8aWVIsMvrkQ4Q0Dyu_vKceZX_SppfFzkjxSugHR67euk/s320/o-DR-VIRGINIA-APGAR-facebook.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background: white; color: black;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Word spread, but it wasn't until
1952 that her name actually became a word. That's when a Denver physician wrote
her to let her know one of his residents had invented a clever way to remember
her five scoring criteria: APGAR—Appearance (color); Pulse (heart rate);
Grimace (reflex irritability); Activity (muscle tone); and Respiration<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background: white; color: black;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>She was most amused to be honored by
this eponym. (That's the technical term for an acronym named after a person.)
In short order, doctors around the nation adopted the APGAR Score. Today all
newborns are evaluated and rated using these criteria one minute and five
minutes after birth. "Every baby born in a modern hospital anywhere in the
world is looked at through the eyes of Dr. Virginia Apgar," says the National
Library of Medicine's website.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
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<span style="background: white; color: black;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Dr. Apgar lived to bring the breath
of life to millions. She made a point of this in her work as a clinical
instructor. Because resuscitation is an essential aspect of anesthesiology, she
demanded that her students be ready to resuscitate anyone at any time anywhere.
That's why she always carried with her a laryngoscope (for viewing the throat),
an endotracheal tube, and a pocket knife for performing emergency tracheotomies
(to open the windpipe). She told her students to be similarly prepared. <o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="background: white; color: black;"><br /></span>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;"><b style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">MORAL: Stay awake on the job.</b></span></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); color: #1d2129; font-family: cambria, serif; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px;">Buy the book "</span><a href="https://www.amazon.com/s/ref=nb_sb_noss?url=search-alias%3Dstripbooks&field-keywords=%22courage+101%3A+true+tales%22" style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); font-family: cambria, serif; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px;">Courage 101: True Tales of Grit & Glory</a><span style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); color: #1d2129; font-family: cambria, serif; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px;">" at Amazon!</span></div>
</div>
George M. Spencerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07818413936028778734noreply@blogger.com0Chapel Hill, NC, USA35.9131996 -79.05584450000003535.8103276 -79.217206000000033 36.0160716 -78.894483000000037tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-449226115154987491.post-17099134879295161402017-11-19T07:00:00.001-05:002018-07-17T19:30:19.389-04:00They Flew Upside Down<div class="MsoNormal">
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjTdITxy7wmFmuUvhsQggtng2vjxmwYAuokINRWMTcB5dhbsTPzRVcj4VoUou3KUfOxlf4DPlZufGAedZC9pV-DeMCuaUhpS2PCTr3a-jqZI_wnlu20ZV_BerbHaknLpezc8dkOvBFfmK_W/s1600/alcockbrown.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="357" data-original-width="630" height="181" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjTdITxy7wmFmuUvhsQggtng2vjxmwYAuokINRWMTcB5dhbsTPzRVcj4VoUou3KUfOxlf4DPlZufGAedZC9pV-DeMCuaUhpS2PCTr3a-jqZI_wnlu20ZV_BerbHaknLpezc8dkOvBFfmK_W/s320/alcockbrown.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>"Lone
Eagle" Charles Lindbergh became the most famous man on Earth when he
landed in Paris after his 33-hour solo non-stop trans-Atlantic flight. Met by
an uproarious mob, the first thing he said was, "My name is Lindbergh. I
have come from America. Alcock and Brown showed me the way."<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Who
in the world are Alcock and Brown? Eight years earlier in June 1919, Captain
John Alcock and his navigator Lt. Arthur Brown showed Lucky Lindy the way to
Europe. They made the first non-stop flight across the ocean, flying from
Newfoundland to Ireland in sixteen-and-a-half hours. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>A
British newspaper had offered a hefty prize to the first aviators to make the
trip. Some didn't take the offer seriously. After all, the challenge had
appeared in the paper's April 1, 1913, edition. (Weirdly, the pair had wanted
to take off on Friday the 13th!)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>They
had only flown together three times. Their craft, a Vickers Vimy WWI bomber,
was little more than a kite with engines. This two-engine biplane was only 43
feet long, about the length of two cars. Canvas covered its hollow wood-and-steel
frame wings, and the pilots had to squeeze onto a wooden bench in an open
cockpit between two roaring Rolls-Royce motors. Top speed? About 100 miles an
hour.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">“Piece of Cake”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>The
night before they departed the duo dined at the home of Brown's fiancée
Kathleen. When her father asked Brown if he were worried, he replied,
"Piece of cake." Shortly before they took off, Kathleen gave Alcock a
good luck gift—a stuffed cat named Twinkletoes. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Alcock
and Brown would need all of its nine lives. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>"<span style="background: white; color: black;">We have had a terrible journey,"
Alcock told the press upon arriving. "The wonder is that we are here at
all. We scarcely saw the sun or the moon or the stars. For hours we saw none of
them.</span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span><span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> </span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span><span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">We looped the loop, I do
believe, and did a very steep spiral. We did some very comic
"stunts," for I have had no sense of horizon."<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Their first terror happened when an
engine's exhaust pipe blew up, shooting out flames that threatened to set the
wing on fire. Later, hail, rain, and lightning whirled the fragile craft into a
dizzying spiral. It cascaded down thousands of feet in seconds. Before Brown
could regain control, the Vimy came within 60 feet of the waves flying on its
side nearly perpendicular to the ocean <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>"The salty taste we noted later
on our tongues was foam," said Alcock. </span><br />
<span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> Once the calamity had ended, they discovered
that they had gotten turned around and were heading back to Newfoundland!<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">More
Trials Lay Ahead<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>After again heading east, they had
no idea if they were on course. Only briefly did the clouds part so Brown could
navigate. "Must see stars <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">now</i>!"
Brown scribbled on a note to Alcock. Finally, the Moon beamed down on them, and
Brown, finding the North Star on his sextant, determined they had flown 850
miles—nearly halfway to their goal with only another 1,000 miles to go.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFePaGB1VavErlPOhMk5eeCDQEpfCfNaUGnwfos-dfjDTVrEtzEzw6_QvS9zzknuX2mMBBgxif3VUmbTFam2D6ysuR0r3JiESBYEUSKvJ8C_msXyU5i_cwDPhobi2HhKSXsFt0oYtNzXya/s1600/98472-004-A75A926F.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="327" data-original-width="550" height="190" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiFePaGB1VavErlPOhMk5eeCDQEpfCfNaUGnwfos-dfjDTVrEtzEzw6_QvS9zzknuX2mMBBgxif3VUmbTFam2D6ysuR0r3JiESBYEUSKvJ8C_msXyU5i_cwDPhobi2HhKSXsFt0oYtNzXya/s320/98472-004-A75A926F.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Unbelievably, more trials lay ahead.
Heavy snow and sleet drenched the Vimy. "We froze like young puppies….For
four hours the machine was covered in a sheet of ice caused by frozen
sleet," said Alcock. "The sleet was so dense that my speed indicator
did not work." Weighted down, they plummeted. The freezing snow began clogging
the engines' air intakes, threatening to choke the motors. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Desperate, Brown crawled onto the
top of nose of the aircraft and then down onto the right wing. Fighting blinding
waves of snow, he clambered from strut-to-strut. Clinging for his life with one
hand on a cable, he opened his penknife with his teeth and chipped furiously at
the ice in the intakes. Having cleared them, he then went to the left wing and
did the same. But he wasn't done. Later he repeated the entire perilous process
on both wings a second time.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>It must be said, though, that the
trip was not entirely without its pleasures. Brown and Alcock dined on
sandwiches. The stoic Twinkletoes proved to be an amiable and fearless
companion. Alcock enjoyed a beer, and Brown spiked his coffee with whisky. He
even felt high-spirited enough to serenade the irritated Alcock with a folk
song whose lyrics went "She's like the swallow that flies so high. She's
like the river that never runs dry." <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>In the 1950s, London's airport
accepted public donations to build a monument to honor Brown and Alcock. Who
sent in the first check? Charles Lindbergh.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><br /></span>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;"><b style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">MORAL: Sometimes you have to go out on a limb.</b></span><br />
<span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;"><b style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">Or a wing.</b></span></div>
<br />
<span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"></span><span style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); color: #1d2129; font-family: cambria, serif; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px; text-align: center;">Buy the book "</span><a href="https://www.amazon.com/s/ref=nb_sb_noss?url=search-alias%3Dstripbooks&field-keywords=%22courage+101%3A+true+tales%22" style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); font-family: cambria, serif; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px; text-align: center;">Courage 101: True Tales of Grit & Glory</a><span style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); color: #1d2129; font-family: cambria, serif; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px; text-align: center;">" at Amazon!</span></div>
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<span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: black; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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George M. Spencerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07818413936028778734noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-449226115154987491.post-49804805764924662202017-11-19T07:00:00.000-05:002018-07-17T19:30:32.753-04:00Taken For Granted<div class="MsoNormal">
<i><span style="color: #222222; font-family: "cambria" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Labor disgraces no
man; unfortunately, you occasionally find men who disgrace labor.</span></i></div>
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<span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">“He habitually wears an expression as if he
had determined to drive his head through a brick wall,” said a friend. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">In 1854, a failure, Ulysses Grant returned from two
years out west, having resigned his commission as an Army officer. Had he not
done so, he might have otherwise been court martialed. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">He then failed as a farmer, while his father-in-law,
a neighbor, watched. Times were worse than hard. To feed his family he was
reduced to selling firewood on the muddy St. Louis streets. He pawned his gold
watch. His father could not take him on at the family store. He failed as a
rent collector because he was too soft hearted. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">When he finally got work, the store owner
died a month later, leaving him again jobless. Ultimately, he sold saddles in
his brothers’ store.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">The Master Horseman<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;"><br />
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Though
he had grown up on the frontier, he hated hunting. His sensitive soul, patience,
and insight made him a master horseman. He could train the wildest colt, a
skill that won him much respect. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">His family had a vast frontier library—all
of 35 books. As a child, he loved to read. His father won him an appointment to
West Point—without telling him. When told he was going, the young man dutifully
did so. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">Upon picking up his steamer trunk, to his
dismay he found that the shopkeeper had embossed his initials incorrectly. The
brass tacks read “H U G” for Hiram Ulysses Grant. Afraid of being mocked at school,
he had the peaceful combination of letters rearranged to read “U H G.” But when
he got to the military academy, he found that its paperwork had gotten his name
wrong. Uncle Sam said his initials were “U S G.” This inadvertent symbol of
patriotism won his classmates’ admiration.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">“Ministering Angel”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">As a lieutenant, Grant went to war in
Mexico. He saw little glory, serving as a quartermaster, procuring mules and wagons,
duties that kept him from the battlefield. Later, as a leader of thousands of
men, his organizational skills would prove immensely valuable.<br />
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>His
career stalled. The Army stationed him far from his family in remote Oregon and
northern California. Journeying west via the Isthmus of Panama with 750 other travelers,
cholera hit, killing a third of them. Grant was a “ministering angel” caring
for the afflicted, said one who was there. Ultimately, however, it’s believed
that boredom, isolation, and depression led to dissolute living, namely heavy
drinking, and his resignation.<br />
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Nonetheless, when the Civil War
started in 1861, townspeople back home in Ohio nominated him—the man they knew
as a saddle salesman and firewood dealer—to serve as a colonel and raise a company
of men. A slight man, only five-foot seven, Grant at first went unnoticed among
other officers. Soon victories in small skirmishes made his superiors see his
true stature. Battle revealed his taste for swift action, cunning feints, and a
cool head.<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;"><br /></span>
<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0XRw8DBKKB3orcWyglDwWho-l_8RS1StQXKqSMKIRw5WJRmWY4zWNXbuJEEES188jHnsZPZk884QB9FsUvLLYSef03KX-BQZphxYOSeYqeOqwSNPHQBUDtfkq6SGJ_kwxJ7ASl-G48ZdX/s1600/maxresdefault.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="900" data-original-width="1600" height="180" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0XRw8DBKKB3orcWyglDwWho-l_8RS1StQXKqSMKIRw5WJRmWY4zWNXbuJEEES188jHnsZPZk884QB9FsUvLLYSef03KX-BQZphxYOSeYqeOqwSNPHQBUDtfkq6SGJ_kwxJ7ASl-G48ZdX/s320/maxresdefault.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Major
victories followed as did rumors spread by jealous officers that he was a drunk.
None were true. Wrote one of his staff officers: "</span><span style="background: #fafafa; font-family: "cambria" , serif;">If Grant ever tasted
liquor of any kind during the war, it was not in my presence, and I had the
best position possible for observing his habits."</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Grant
never cursed. His strongest oaths were “By lightning!” and “Confound it!” Twice
when he saw soldiers abusing mules, he personally arrested them. When he saw a
straggler assaulting a woman, he leapt off his horse and rescued her.<br />
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>President
Lincoln promoted him to Lieutenant General, commander of all Union armies, and
his leadership proved decisive to the war’s outcome. When the war ended, Americans regarded Grant (along with Lincoln) as the man who saved the nation, and his greatness was regularly compared to that of George Washington.</span><br />
<span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;"> Most of all, over and
again, it was his humility and quiet demeanor as much as his military prowess
that impressed others. Wrote one biographer: “He would never dwell on past
mistakes, never wallow in its wounds.”</span><br />
<span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;"><br /></span>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;"><b style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">MORAL: When life has you selling firewood in the muddy streets of life, </b></span></div>
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;"><b style="letter-spacing: -0.2pt;">make matches and start the fire that will change the world.</b></span></div>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); color: #1d2129; font-family: cambria, serif; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px;">Buy the book "</span><a href="https://www.amazon.com/s/ref=nb_sb_noss?url=search-alias%3Dstripbooks&field-keywords=%22courage+101%3A+true+tales%22" style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); font-family: cambria, serif; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px;">Courage 101: True Tales of Grit & Glory</a><span style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); color: #1d2129; font-family: cambria, serif; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px;">" at Amazon!</span><br />
<span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;"><br /></span>
</div>
<span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.2pt;"><br /></span>
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</span></a><span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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George M. Spencerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07818413936028778734noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-449226115154987491.post-32860231269711088972017-11-17T06:30:00.000-05:002018-07-17T19:30:51.203-04:00Two Ends of a Chain?<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">“My sympathy with the oppressed and the wronged….”</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.1200008392334px;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> <i> </i></span><i>God told him to kill his enemies. Nothing could be clearer than that. He, his sons, and their followers dragged evil ones from their beds and hacked them to death with swords. That was only the beginning. He schemed for years, developing a mad plan to throw his country into turmoil, causing mayhem everywhere. <o:p></o:p></i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.1200008392334px;"><i>Towards that end, a shadowy cabal of wealthy supporters aided him. They all lived far from where the violence would occur. They secretly gave him weapons and huge sums of money. When this evil genius carried out his bloody plot, it failed. He was hanged. Most of his money men fled the country, denying any knowledge of his scheme. </i></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.1200008392334px;"><i>This man lit a fuse. </i></span><i style="font-family: cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 0.5in;">Months after his execution a war ripped the country in two.</i><br />
<i style="font-family: cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 0.5in;">The wife of one the money men wrote a blood-curdling anthem praising him. It compared him to God. The regime’s soldiers marched into battle singing her blasphemous lyrics.</i><br />
<i style="font-family: cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 0.5in;">The nation's leader was another bearded radical. His political opponents accused him of being secretly allied with the madman, but even this leader called him “insane.” </i><br />
<i style="font-family: cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 0.5in;">Six years</i><i style="font-family: cambria, serif; font-size: 12pt; text-indent: 0.5in;"> later an assassin who witnessed the execution killed this war-weary leader. As evil as the assassin was, even he called this fanatic a “terrorizer."</i></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.1200008392334px;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>This radical religious terrorist was John Brown. He was he most controversial figure in American history, a man who committed acts of terrible violence and martyred himself for the cause he believed in—the end of slavery.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.1200008392334px;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>The future leader? Abraham Lincoln. Shortly after his election in December 1861, he denounced Brown—and any effort to free slaves—saying, “Emancipation would be the equivalent to a John Brown raid, on a gigantic scale.” What's more, Lincoln said all the accusations that attempted to link him and the Republican Party to Brown were "inexecusable" and "malicious slander."<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.1200008392334px;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Brown was a compelling figure. Well spoken and lean with piercing eyes, he had a hawk-like nose, a massive white beard, and a shock of white hair. A radical Abolitionist, he had pursued the goal of ending slavery for years with the white-hot religious passion that Americans would today associate with a radical Islamic terrorist like Osama bin-Laden. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.1200008392334px;"> In a letter Brown sent from prison shortly before his execution, he wrote a Quaker woman who disapproved of his violent tactics, “You know that Christ once armed Peter. So also in my case I think he put a sword in my hand, there continued it so long as he saw best, and kindly took it from me. I mean when I first went to Kansas.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.1200008392334px;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>In the 1850s, pro-slavery and anti-slavery settlers flooded the new territory of Kansas which would soon seek statehood. Whether it would be a free or slave state was unclear. Around the nation, people called it “Bloody Kansas” or “Bleeding Kansas” because of the violence there. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.1200008392334px;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>The most notorious event occurred in May 1856. Brown and his raiders butchered five pro-slavery settlers in the middle of the night, slashing and stabbing their defenseless victims. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.1200008392334px;"> Brown himself performed the coup de grace on one victim, shooting a wounded man in the head at close range. This lurid event shocked the nation and became known as the Pottawatomie Massacre after the site where it occurred.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.1200008392334px;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>For the next few years Brown traveled extensively in New England, secretly meeting supporters. His most prominent backers became known as the “Secret Six.” They gave him thousands of dollars, weapons, and ammunition. One of its members was Boston physician Samuel Gridley Howe. His wife Julia Ward, a banker’s daughter, wrote “The Battle Hymn of the Republic” in 1862. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.1200008392334px;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>It took three years for Brown to plan for his raid on the federal weapons depot at Harpers Ferry. There he </span><span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 16px;">planned to seize thousands of rifles and huge quantities of ammunition. </span><span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">(Although Harpers Ferry is now in present day West Virginia, at the time it was in the slave state of Virginia.) He also chose the town because of its strategic location. The Potomac and Shenandoah rivers met there, and it served as a railroad hub for trains going both north and south and east and west. </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.1200008392334px;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span><span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">Years later his daughter Anna recalled how her father explained the plan and its goals. He said he would ”secure firearms to arm the slaves, and to strike terror into the hearts of the slaveholders; then to immediately start for the plantations, gather up the negroes, and retreat to the mountains, send out armed squads from there to gather more, and eventually to spread out his forces until the slaves would come to them, or the slaveholders would surrender to them to gain peace.” </span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.1200008392334px;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>On October 16, 1859, Brown and 18 other men botched the plan. They took at least 30 hostages in the armory, killing four and wounding nine people in the process. Instead of becoming a guerilla warrior, he and his men became trapped within its walls.. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.1200008392334px;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Upon seizing the building, Brown told its watchman, “I came here from Kansas, and this is a slave State; I want to free all the Negroes in this State; I have possession of the United States armory, and if the citizens interfere with me I must only burn the town and have blood.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.1200008392334px;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Soon 90 Marines arrived. In one of American history’s great ironies, the troops were led by Brevet Colonel Robert E. Lee, then an officer in the Union Army. He, in turn, sent his aide J.E.B Stuart, a future Confederate general, to order Brown to surrender. (Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson then a student at the Virginia Military Institute (later a Confederate general) would witness Brown’s execution.)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.1200008392334px;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>The Marines attacked. Brown was stabbed by a sword in the abdomen, injuring a kidney. After his capture, Henry Wise, the governor of Virginia, and military leaders interrogated him. Although all these men were pro-slavery and loathed Brown, they were all impressed by his steely demeanor, calmness, and mastery of theological issues.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.1200008392334px;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>His questioning had the flavor of a religious inquisition. Some of the dialogue recalls what Jesus experienced in his last hours. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.1200008392334px;"> “Upon what principle do you justify yourself?” Brown was asked.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.1200008392334px;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>“It is my sympathy with the oppressed and the wronged, that are as good as you and as precious in the sight of God,” Brown replied.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.1200008392334px;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Governor Wise reviled Brown, calling him and his band “murderers, traitors, robbers, insurrectionists.” Yet he also said Brown was "a man of clear head, of courage, fortitude and simple ingenuousness. He is cool, collected, and indomitable.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.1200008392334px;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>News of the raid and Brown’s capture hit the nation like lightning, capturing in one blinding, brutal instant the divide the separated Americans. Southerners already lived in fear of slave revolts, and they were appalled when they heard the reaction of prominent Northerners. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.1200008392334px;">"That new saint…"<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.1200008392334px;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Philosopher Henry Thoreau gave a lecture in Massachusetts two weeks later during Brown's trial, saying “Some eighteen hundred years ago Christ was crucified; this morning perchance John Brown was hung. These are two ends of a chain to which I rejoice to know is not without its links.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.1200008392334px;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Essayist Ralph Waldo Emerson, widely regarded as the nation’s most prominent intellectual, was more blunt. He called Brown “that new saint, than whom none purer or more brave was ever led by love of men into conflict and death, —the new saint awaiting his martyrdom, and who, if he shall suffer, will make the gallows glorious like the cross.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.1200008392334px;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Meanwhile, a Virginia reporter spoke for many Southerners when he wrote that “Abolitionism…must be strangled and crushed if we are to live together in peace and harmony as members of the same political brotherhood.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.1200008392334px;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>To Northerners, Brown was a selfless martyr, a new Christ. To Southerners, he was a villain.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.1200008392334px;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Brown was charged with treason against Virginia, murder, and leading a conspiracy with slaves to overthrow their masters. When he testified at his trial, he said he regretted the loss of life but that the killings were unforeseeable.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.1200008392334px;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>“I did no wrong, but right,” Brown told the court. “Now, if it is deemed necessary that I should forfeit my life for the furtherance of the ends of justice, and mingle my blood further with the blood of millions in this slave country whose rights are disregarded by wicked, cruel and unjust enactments, I submit, so let it be done!”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.1200008392334px;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Americans found themselves unsettled for another reason on November 15. A fireball blazed across the daytime sky in the eastern U.S. It exploded making the sound of rapid cannon fire. Many took it as an ill omen.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.1200008392334px;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> Brown</span> was hanged on December 2. Among those who witnessed the event was John Wilkes Booth. He wrote in a letter that he thought Brown was a "terrorizer."<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.1200008392334px;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>As Brown walked to the gallows, he handed his guard a note which read: “I John Brown am now quite certain that the crimes of this guilty, land: will never be purged away; but with Blood. I had as I now think: vainly flattered myself that without verry much bloodshed; it might be done.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.1200008392334px;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> The next year another eerie celestial portent came to pass. </span>In 1860, a "procession of meteors" (actually one object breaking up in the atmosphere) streamed across the evening sky like a comet. Walt Whitman and Herman Melville both wrote poems about it. Both connected this bizarre celestial happening to Brown. "Year of comets and meteors transient and strange," Whitman wrote in "Year of Meteors."<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.1200008392334px;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>During that year’s election campaign, Democrats did their best to convince voters that Republicans had something to do with Brown and his raid. No connection has ever been shown. At the time, candidate Lincoln's proposed policy was to pay slave owners to give up their 'property.' “Even though [Brown] agreed with us in thinking slavery wrong," he said, "that cannot excuse violence, bloodshed, and treason.” <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.1200008392334px;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Nonetheless, Southerners viewed Lincoln as a radical Abolitionist of the same vein as Brown. They felt they would receive little, if any, sympathy from his administration. Thus, South Carolina seceded on December 26, 1860. On January 9, 1861, its forces fired on the strategically located Ft. Sumter, which guarded the entrance to the harbor in Charleston, a major commercial port. Lincoln was inaugurated on March 4, and he ordered the Navy to defend the fort. On April 12, the north and south fought the first battle of the civil war over its possession. Surrounded, the Union army surrendered the fort.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.1200008392334px;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Following Brown’s execution, Northerners and Southerners spontaneously began to sing songs about him. Some were sarcastic. Others were humorous. All followed the tune of an existing popular song. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.1200008392334px;"> The lyrics to “The Battle Hymn of the Republic” came to Julia Ward Howe in her sleep in 1862. Unlike other similar songs, her words linked Brown and his mission with the Union cause and God's will.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.1200008392334px;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>In her hymn, Brown becomes the personification of a God who “hath loosed the fateful lightings of His terrible swift sword.” He angrily “trampl[es] out the vintage where the grapes of wrath are stored.” He delivers “his righteous sentence.” He preaches “a fiery gospel.” He is a threatening God. “With you my grace shall deal” the lyrics warn. It concludes with the chilling vow “As he died to make men holy, let us die to make men free.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.1200008392334px;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>In Lincoln’s Second Inaugural Address in March 1865, he also viewed the Civil War in a religious context: “Neither party expected for the war the magnitude or the duration which it has already attained….Both read the same Bible and pray to the same God, and each invokes His aid against the other….The prayers of both could not be answered….The Almighty has His own purposes.” <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.1200008392334px;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Unlike Brown, Lincoln spoke of a forgiving God and not of a nation of Northerners and Southerners but of one people, united in their suffering, their frailties, and their capacity for greatness. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.1200008392334px;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>“With malice toward none, with charity for all, with firmness in the right as God gives us to see the right, let us strive on to finish the work we are in, to bind up the nation’s wounds, to care for him who shall have borne the battle and for his widow and his orphan, to do all which may achieve and cherish a just and lasting peace among ourselves and with all nations.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.1200008392334px;">MORAL: Vow to resolve disputes peacefully.<o:p></o:p></span></b><br />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 17.1200008392334px;"><br /></span></b><span style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); color: #1d2129; font-family: cambria, serif; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px;">Buy the book "</span><a href="https://www.amazon.com/s/ref=nb_sb_noss?url=search-alias%3Dstripbooks&field-keywords=%22courage+101%3A+true+tales%22" style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); font-family: cambria, serif; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px;">Courage 101: True Tales of Grit & Glory</a><span style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); color: #1d2129; font-family: cambria, serif; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px;">" at Amazon!</span></div>
George M. Spencerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07818413936028778734noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-449226115154987491.post-69318999363973007172017-11-16T08:37:00.002-05:002018-07-17T19:31:03.828-04:00The Teenage Girl Who Dined With Washington<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">“…Made it their
study to show me every mark of regard.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<o:p><br /></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">Impetuous
might be a good word to describe Margaret Moncrieffe. A 14-year-old runaway,
she dined with George Washington on the eve of the British invasion of New York
City in 1776.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">Washington
did not attend the Continental Congress in Philadelphia that year—and therefore
did not sign the Declaration of Independence—because as commander of the
continental armies, such as they were, he had taken residence in Manhattan,
spending his days not with the complexities of political philosophy but struggling
with a far more tangible and fearful problem—how to defend the island
from a British armada that had filled New York City’s harbor in preparation for
a Normandy-style landing of thousands of battle-hardened soldiers. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">Washington's task did was far from promising. On July 12—only three days after he ordered the Declaration read aloud to his troops—two British warships left the
main body of ships arrayed at anchor. Together they sailed up the Hudson River.
One of the vessels had 40 guns, the other 20. Together, as they glided by
unscathed, they pounded the city with barrages of cannon fire, smashing
buildings, sending cannonballs whizzing down Manhattan’s side streets, and
sending Manhattan’s residents running, screaming in terror.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">That
the feisty Miss Margaret would find herself at dinner with Washington is all
the more remarkable because she was the daughter of Major Thomas Moncrieffe…of
the British Army, and she desperately wanted to be at his side.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">Born
in Nova Scotia in 1762, she was a dark-haired beauty. Her “eyes [were] full of
witchery,” people said. When she was three, her mother died. For a
time she came under the protection of General Gage who commanded all the King’s
armies on the continent. She even lived in his home. But her father decreed
that she and her brother should be educated at Miss Beard’s boarding school in
Dublin, so off she went across the Atlantic, still only three years old.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">The
next time she saw her father she was eight, and he had a new wife. She hailed from one of New York City’s most prestigious families, the Jays. “I did not
like my new mother,” Margaret later said. She would not see either parent for
another two years, when her father had her shipped to New York City where
he was stationed.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">“The
heart-cheering smile”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">Life
was sweet for the next two years, as her father was often at home, and she
could “bask in the heart-cheering smile of paternal fondness.” When her
stepmother died, her father remarried six months later as was often the custom.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">Unfortunately
for Margaret, when her father went away, she had to live in the home of her
first stepmother’s brother Frederick Jay. He wholeheartedly supported the Revolution. This was intolerable to a teenage girl who adored her
soldier father and all that the British Empire stood for. She wrote that she
could not abide being “forced to hear my nearest and dearest relations
continually traduced.” <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">With
the invasion looming, the Jay family fled Manhattan to the comparative safety
of Elizabethton, New Jersey, and then to another village a further 10 miles
inland. Margaret could stand the patriot taunts and the separation from her
father no more, and when the family was at church, she stole a horse and fled
back to Elizabethton where she stayed with family friends.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">Desperate
to cross back over the river to be closer to her father, she wrote a prominent
general in the colonial army Israel Putnam. She knew that he and her father had
been friends years before when they were both loyal to the King.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">At
about the same time, the British commander Lord Howe wanted to engage Washington
in peace talks. A small British vessel under a white flag came to shore. Its
officer found Washington’s aide Colonel Henry Knox waiting, and he said, “I
have a letter, sir, from Lord Howe to Mr. Washington.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">“Sir,
we have no such person in our army with that address,” Knox replied, refusing
to accept correspondence unless the British acknowledged Washington’s rank, thus implying at least tacit recognition of the legitimacy of his cause.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">The
next day a second British boat came to shore, also under a white flag. This
time the letter was addressed to “George Washington, Esq.” Again, Knox refused
to touch it.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">On
the third day, the boat, again under a white flag, came to shore, and this time
the letter was addressed, not to Washington, but to the astonishment of the
colonial officers, its recipient was someone they’d never heard of—“Miss
Margaret Moncrieffe.” <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">While
preparing for battle, Major Moncrieffe had received word from the Jay family
that his daughter had run off. He was desperate to see to her safety and had
written the colonials inquiring as to her whereabouts.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">Both
letters landed on Putnam’s desk at nearly the same time, and he wrote Margaret
saying that although he and her father were on opposing sides, he would “with
pleasure, do any kind office in my power for him or any of his connexions.” <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">A
day later, Margaret found herself ferried to 1 Broadway, Putnam’s home and the
headquarters of the continental army. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">The
Putnam family gave her a spare bedroom, and the next day an unusually tall man with
a most dignified bearing and his plump and cheerful wife came to visit—George
and Martha Washington. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">Margaret
wanted dearly to proclaim her loyalty to King George III, but she thought the
better of it, and she later wrote that the Washingtons “made it their study to
show me every mark of regard.”</span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">A
few days later she found herself invited to a formal dinner hosted by General
Washington—this in the midst of the pending invasion. Someone
proclaimed a toast to the Continental Congress. Amid much clinking of glasses,
Washington noticed that Margaret had not lifted her glass. He frostily said to
her, “Miss Moncrieffe, you don’t drink your wine.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">Margaret, true to her father and his country, declared “General Howe is the
toast.” <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">This
did not go over well. There was much fussing. Stern reproachful stares were
likely directed at her until General Putnam said to Washington “everything said
or done by such a child out rather to amuse than affront you.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">Washington
turned again to Margaret and said, “Well, Miss, I will overlook your
indiscretion on condition that you drink my health, or General Putnam’s, the
first time you dine at Sir William Howe’s table, on the other side of the
water.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">Thus,
the future president proved his leadership skills, averting a minor diplomatic
crisis with his Loyalist teenage guest. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">Fearing
that she was a spy, the Americans moved her to another home, and there she met
and fell prey to that most terrible of teenage afflictions—the romantic crush.
The object of her adoration? The ever-so-dashing twenty-one-year old Colonel
Aaron Burr.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>“To him I plighted my virgin vow,”
she later recalled, calling him “the Conqueror of my soul.” Alas, destiny broke
them apart, and on August 7 she was rowed over to Admiral Howe’s flagship, the
Eagle, by a delegation led by Colonel Knox. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>That evening she was invited to yet
another formal dinner, this one hosted by General William Howe, the brother of
Admiral Richard Howe. As many as 50 of the most prominent British military
leaders and their wives were there. In honor her dramatic arrival, Margaret was
asked to make a toast.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>True to her word, she raised her
glass and asked everyone to toast to General Putnam’s health. As before, this startled
and offended all present, but General Howe made light of her remarks. Knowing
that Putnam was elderly and portly, he said to everyone’s amusement, “If he be
the lady’s sweetheart, I can have no objection to drink his health.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">What lay in store<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">If
this were a Hollywood story, Margaret would have somehow remained united with
her father through military campaigns, dressing his wounds, only to later be
reunited with the charming Col. Burr, and they would marry, have children, and
through many trials live to old age together on a technicolor farm.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">Alas,
this is not what lay in store for Margaret Montcrieffe. Her father, not knowing
what to do with her and following the practice of the times, arranged for her
to be married to John Coghlan, a soldier whom she had briefly met at a dance.
She refused. To help her see the error of her teenage ways, he locked her in
her bedroom. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">At
last, against her wishes, she married Coghlan, and he went away to fight. A
year later he returned, saying that he had sold his commission, was leaving the
army, and together they would return to England via Ireland.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">Margaret
was the only woman on a troop ship carrying 600 or 700 men, and Coghlan was
such a drunken lout that the captain threatened to toss him in the brig if he
could not find the decency to treat his wife better, such were the ravings that
echoed from their tiny cabin.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">When
she learned that her husband, like her father, also planned to imprison her until
she reformed, she ran off into the Irish countryside. Ultimately, she found her
way to London, but her behavior had become something of a scandal. Soon she
found General Gage, the former commander of British forces in North America, on
her doorstop. He told her that it had been decided that she would be shipped to
a French convent where she would live for three years.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">Talking
her way out of nunnery with the aid of Lord Clinton, a distant friend whose home she had briefly lived in, she returned to London only to receive a letter from the
general’s wife saying that her father had disowned her. He would no longer pay
her expenses, and she was out of his will.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">Resourceful—and
beautiful—she became the mistress of a prominent politician. She bore his
child. He left her. She took up with an aristocrat who squired her around
Europe. When that ended, she became the lover of yet another society gent. He
left her and left her with another child who died shortly after birth.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">She
had two children with her next lover, an army captain. For a time, she thought
he would propose to her, but, no, he advised her that he was engaged to wed an
aristocratic lady and that, of course, his bride would raise their two children.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">Another
lover followed as did massive debts. Facing debtors prison, she placed her own
obituary in the newspaper, and fled to Paris. The year was inauspicious—1787,
just before the French Revolution. Again, her bills mounted. She was put in a
French debtor’s prison—along with her two-year-old son. And she was seven
months pregnant.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">Returning
to England, she was put in debtor’s prison in London. There she gave birth, the
delivery aided by a young inexperienced doctor. She and her infant lay naked
for two days until any attention was given to them.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">Upon
being released, she learned her father had passed away. Now more creditors
pursued her, thinking she had an inheritance. Her beauty long gone, she knew
only one way to make enough money to pay her bills—She wrote a tell-all
autobiography, naming names, and sharing unseemly details. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">Appearing
in 1794, it was titled “Memoirs of Mrs. Coghlan,” and it was a hit. However,
she did not sell enough copies to pay her bills, and in 1797, she was again
imprisoned. Six years later, she was freed. And still in debt. She wrote
various luminaries, including the King, seeking aid. None was given.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">Again,
she was imprisoned. After that, nothing is known of her and her fate.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; text-indent: .5in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">MORAL:
Let prudence temper courage.<o:p></o:p></span></b><br />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><br /></span></b>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); color: #1d2129; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px; text-indent: 0px;">Buy the book "</span><a href="https://www.amazon.com/s/ref=nb_sb_noss?url=search-alias%3Dstripbooks&field-keywords=%22courage+101%3A+true+tales%22" style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px; text-indent: 0px;">Courage 101: True Tales of Grit & Glory</a><span style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); color: #1d2129; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px; text-indent: 0px;">" at Amazon!</span></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="header"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="footer"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="index heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="35" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="table of figures"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="envelope address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="envelope return"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="footnote reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="line number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="page number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="endnote reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="endnote text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="table of authorities"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="macro"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="toa heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Message Header"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Date"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Hyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="FollowedHyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Plain Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="E-mail Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Top of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal (Web)"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Acronym"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Cite"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Code"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Keyboard"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Typewriter"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="No List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Elegant"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
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George M. Spencerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07818413936028778734noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-449226115154987491.post-49336506389122038792017-11-12T07:00:00.000-05:002018-07-17T19:31:40.238-04:00A Beautiful Surface<div class="MsoNormal">
<i><span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">“Had I not been forced to confront myself, I
might never have come to know and admire the person I am.”</span> </i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiygnhi0-OH88CGqKS3HxJsdHvLCMqFggKNYoPvhUPPqhNXRlab55Jss-tQDlGbja1mjzZfq9iZ6XVPD2UUiA-Sdz08HZa_RSQeGLeNeVkY43ku4uD1jfe87s0MZhMjUw-9ZOd8a5w-7kYP/s1600/mary-tyler-moore-show.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="448" data-original-width="620" height="232" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiygnhi0-OH88CGqKS3HxJsdHvLCMqFggKNYoPvhUPPqhNXRlab55Jss-tQDlGbja1mjzZfq9iZ6XVPD2UUiA-Sdz08HZa_RSQeGLeNeVkY43ku4uD1jfe87s0MZhMjUw-9ZOd8a5w-7kYP/s320/mary-tyler-moore-show.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">“Nothing
is so deceiving as a beautiful surface,” wrote Leo Tolstoy. When dazzled by a
beautiful TV star (or handsome movie actor), who among us does not think, “How
perfect that person looks. How wonderful it must be to live that person’s
carefree life.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>The gorgeous Mary Tyler Moore won
fame for her comedic gifts, starring in two hit TV programs, yet she faced
severe trials in her personal life—divorce, alcoholism, diabetes, and the
tragic death of her only child.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">In
the early 1960s for five years she played a suburban housewife on “The Dick Van
Dyke Show,” and she did it so well people actually thought that she and her
co-star were married. Daring for her day, she wore tight-fitting capris at
a time when other TV moms vacuumed in pearls and pumps. And given the quaint customs of the day she had to tone
down the tight fit of her pants to make herself less alluring.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">A
few years later in “The Mary Tyler Moore Show” she played a single career
woman. It was a groundbreaking role in its day because single career women were mostly
nowhere to be seen on television, especially those who dated, as she did on the show. Even before the show premiered, the producers had to tone down her character. Originally, she was to have been a
divorcee, and that was too, too much more for those times.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">“Thrilled
and bursting”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">The
women she portrayed on television were nearly unceasingly cheerful and
good-hearted. Their problems were resolved in 30 minutes. Their woes either
involved enduring a nitwit work colleague or keeping dinner warm for a husband on a late train out of Penn Station.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">In
reality, Moore was married three times. Her first marriage to an Ocean Spray
cranberry salesman ended shortly after her first series went on the air. “During
the first year of the show, as thrilled and bursting with the excitement over
my work as I was, I was equally without emotion at home,” she wrote. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">She
then wed an ad agency executive who later produced her second hit. That
relationship ended in an alcoholic blur as Moore favored “fishbowl-sized
glasses of vodka on the rocks.” (Her mother was an alcoholic, and she spent
much of her childhood living with nearby relatives because her mother was so
incapacitated. When she was six-years old, a trusted neighbor sexually
molested her. When she told her mother, she told her, “It didn’t happen.”)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">Of
her second marriage she wrote, “We made these feeble attempts at
self-counseling during the so-called happy hour, the only time we had courage
enough to broach the subject….In case there’s any doubt about the acute state
of my alcoholism, and the insanity it produced, I can recall with sickening
clarity that on more than one occasion I played Russian roulette with my car,
and what’s more, some unwary, innocent people played with me.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCdoqM22kV9dpjOSvzg8Qz-Np1v8g68TG1sAQ_Xv4-jbhUmjfjYDZO8SOvfSOsHYO845QBgEBfXl8zCQfBha3WG8JafxpBKqEAuJ06qaZMR40vyNt0nVCF1ZTxnE5Ykrmm2jsAQvLGt8QO/s1600/marytylermoorecover-1014x570.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="570" data-original-width="1014" height="180" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiCdoqM22kV9dpjOSvzg8Qz-Np1v8g68TG1sAQ_Xv4-jbhUmjfjYDZO8SOvfSOsHYO845QBgEBfXl8zCQfBha3WG8JafxpBKqEAuJ06qaZMR40vyNt0nVCF1ZTxnE5Ykrmm2jsAQvLGt8QO/s320/marytylermoorecover-1014x570.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">News
of this would have been unbelievable at a time when Moore played America’s
sweetheart on Saturday night television. Finally, during her third marriage,
she found the courage to enter the Betty Ford Center. Named after the former
first lady, this Palm Springs, California, facility serves a wealthy clientele
with substance abuse problems. Moore actually fled after only three weeks
of the five-week program. After a conversation with Betty Ford, she returned to
complete it. “That phone call saved my life,” she said.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">“The
person I am”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">She
came to believe that she was glad she struggled with—and conquered alcoholism. “Had
I not been forced to confront myself,” she wrote. “I might never have come to
know and admire the person I am.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">Moore,
a lifelong dancer, also had a hefty cigarette habit. She smoked two and, astonishingly, even
three packs a day. She had to find the courage to snuff out that addiction as well.
It did not help that her third husband, a cardiologist, also smoked.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">Diagnosed
with diabetes while hospitalized following a miscarriage, she struggled with
keeping the disease under control most of her adult life, even though she knew
her drinking could have caused “serious” health effects. “I was never scolded,”
she wrote. “I wouldn’t have listened, anyway.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">Her
worst blow came in 1980 when her only child Richie, 24, died when a shotgun
he was handling fired. The death was ruled an accident, and this
firearm was later taken off the market because it had a “hair-trigger.” <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">She felt she had failed as a mother. Several years earlier he had struggled with a cocaine addiction. At his funeral, she wept, telling God, “’You
take care of him,’ I screamed at the sky.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">Moore
was well aware of her imperfections. She struggled with them all her life. “I’ve
two very distinct inner spirits who live my life for me, playing hide-and-seek
at times,” she wrote. “There does seem to be one brooding, paranoid, and
pessimistic Mary Tyler Moore….The other Mary is a supremely confident champion.
They do battle with each other, one emerging to rule for a time depending on
outside circumstance.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Bullet 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Closing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Message Header"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Salutation"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Date"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Block Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Hyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="FollowedHyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Document Map"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Plain Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="E-mail Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Top of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Bottom of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal (Web)"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Acronym"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Cite"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Code"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Definition"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Keyboard"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Sample"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Typewriter"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Variable"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal Table"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation subject"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="No List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Contemporary"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Elegant"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Professional"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Balloon Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Theme"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="List Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2"/>
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<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; text-indent: .5in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">MORAL:
Have spunk.<o:p></o:p></span></b><br />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><br /></span></b>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); color: #1d2129; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px; text-indent: 0px;">Buy the book "</span><a href="https://www.amazon.com/s/ref=nb_sb_noss?url=search-alias%3Dstripbooks&field-keywords=%22courage+101%3A+true+tales%22" style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px; text-indent: 0px;">Courage 101: True Tales of Grit & Glory</a><span style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); color: #1d2129; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px; text-indent: 0px;">" at Amazon!</span></span></b></div>
George M. Spencerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07818413936028778734noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-449226115154987491.post-57247338819211070582017-11-11T07:00:00.002-05:002018-07-17T19:31:48.161-04:00The Stick Up Artist<div class="MsoNormal">
<i><span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><o:p> </o:p></span></i><i><span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">“It is the duty of everyone to fight and help
in this sort of cause according to one’s means.”</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i><span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><br /></span></i></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzFHj8IUb3YGaptGlP-H5bM_kdtqMn3aadlsKak7blweCEfqLyaB_246yNDHfHKKgaHuJZUO_zvPmYugR3e_z5fR_kbM9-LwtEMhikqZNIX5JYAgsfF8vaYJJnjK97jI8FNm__C53rdibY/s1600/Unknown-1.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="188" data-original-width="268" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjzFHj8IUb3YGaptGlP-H5bM_kdtqMn3aadlsKak7blweCEfqLyaB_246yNDHfHKKgaHuJZUO_zvPmYugR3e_z5fR_kbM9-LwtEMhikqZNIX5JYAgsfF8vaYJJnjK97jI8FNm__C53rdibY/s1600/Unknown-1.jpeg" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">Conductor
Arturo Toscanini had strong opinions. For example, he hated fish. He had no
beef against fish minding their own business swimming in the ocean, but he
loathed fish on the dinner table. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">At
the age of nine he won admission to a local music conservatory where he lived
for the eight years. It often served fish to its students, and often the fish
was rank, thus leaving him with a lifelong loathing of finny foods.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">His
years at the conservatory were a blessing for his financially struggling
parents. (His elementary school teacher had marveled at young Arturo’s ability
to memorize poems and his singing voice, telling his father, “Have this boy
study, because he has a great capacity for music!”)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">The
school was not luxurious. Students lived a “regular and monotonous life” of
lessons, lessons, and more lessons. The boys slept on bedbug infested
straw-filled cots and shared one toilet. They were served wine, but it was such
dreck, Arturo sold his allotment to other students so he could buy sheet music.
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">“Fire
to his baton”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">Personal
privations aside, he loved life there and thrived on his diet of musical
studies. Given no choice what instrument to play, he was assigned the cello. He
mastered it so well that when he was 14 he played in the local opera company’s
orchestra. Other students crowned him with the nickname <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Geni</i> (“Genius”).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">After
graduation, he joined a traveling opera company and memorized the score of <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Aida</i>. When the conductor suddenly quit, others
asked Toscanini to fill in. He wowed the audience. He was only 19. “The beardless
maestro is a prodigy who communicated the sacred artistic fire to his baton,”
read a review the next day. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">Thus
began an international career as a conductor which culminated in his serving as
musical director of the NBC Symphony for 17 years. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">As
befits the stereotype of orchestra conductors, Toscanini had fits on the podium.
In rehearsal, if he thought a musician was inattentive or lazy, he might snap
his baton, shout at him, or even fling his baton at the transgressor.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbyEBgQAhM-S20uZ1oNePIxUerY094NyvVfBo9s2EFZNq0bjW9g2J3LtI5rVDw2R-6HZlbXD4XAWG7q3c-LLtcUxnHfaNiyIseyIH3XJEiNv50E0W2Rf8iat1AOXhsPquXlMki4KvpZAsv/s1600/Unknown.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="279" data-original-width="180" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbyEBgQAhM-S20uZ1oNePIxUerY094NyvVfBo9s2EFZNq0bjW9g2J3LtI5rVDw2R-6HZlbXD4XAWG7q3c-LLtcUxnHfaNiyIseyIH3XJEiNv50E0W2Rf8iat1AOXhsPquXlMki4KvpZAsv/s1600/Unknown.jpeg" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Toscanini saved his strongest opinions
for politics. He was well known for his long-standing hatred of Italian and
Germany fascism. In the 1930s, Mussolini ordered musical groups to open each
performance with a rendition of his Fascist Party’s anthem. Toscanini refused.
The result? In 1931, goons beat him outside of Bologna’s opera house. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">In
the early 1930s, he was a fixture at the annual Wagner Festival in Beyreuth,
Germany, but in 1933, the year the Nazis took power, he announced he would not
return. He then led orchestras in the mid-1930s at Austria’s annual Salzburg
Festival, but with Nazi invasion looming, he announced in 1938 he would not go
back. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">“To
breathe freedom”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">As
a result, Mussolini seized his passport. After an international outcry, il Duce
returned it. That same day Toscanini and his family fled Italy for America. “To
flee in order to breathe freedom—life!” he wrote.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">When
invited in 1936 to conduct the first ever performances of the Palestine Orchestra,
Toscanini immediately accepted. Its founder asked him what his fee would be.
Toscanini dismissed that notion out of hand and said he would travel to
Palestine at his own expense. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">(From
1920 to 1948, the British government administered the land that is present-day
Israel. The League of Nations created this territory, which was known as
British Palestine, following the collapse of the Ottoman Empire. The goal was
to give Arabs who lived there and Jewish natives and immigrants support “until
such time as they are able to stand alone.”)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">His
involvement with what is today the Israeli Philharmonic meant a great deal to
the fledging ensemble, most of whose members were Jewish musicians who had fled
Nazi Germany and Eastern European nations where they were oppressed.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">“I
never before saw a country as small as this where there was so much culture as
among the Jewish labor and farmer classes,” wrote Toscanini.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>No less a luminary than Albert
Einstein wrote Toscanini to congratulate him, saying: “Honored Master! I feel
the need to tell you for once how much I admire and honor you. You are not only
the unmatchable interpreter of the world’s musical literature, whose forms
deserve the highest admiration. In the fight against the Fascist criminals,
too, you have shown yourself to be a man of the greatest dignity.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>The symphony’s inaugural concert
featured works by Rossini, Brahms, Schubert, Mendelssohn, and Weber. Many in
attendance were so overcome with the grandeur of the event that they wept. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Said Toscanini: “It is the duty of everyone to
fight and help in this sort of cause according to one’s means.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Number 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="10" QFormat="true" Name="Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Closing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Default Paragraph Font"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Message Header"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Salutation"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Date"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Block Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Hyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="FollowedHyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Document Map"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Plain Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="E-mail Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Top of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Bottom of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal (Web)"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Acronym"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Cite"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Code"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Definition"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Keyboard"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Sample"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Typewriter"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Variable"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal Table"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation subject"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="No List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Contemporary"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Elegant"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Professional"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Balloon Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Theme"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="List Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="List Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="List Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 1"/>
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<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">MORAL: ‘Stick’ up for what
you believe in.<o:p></o:p></span></b><br />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><br /></span></b>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); color: #1d2129; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px;">Buy the book "</span><a href="https://www.amazon.com/s/ref=nb_sb_noss?url=search-alias%3Dstripbooks&field-keywords=%22courage+101%3A+true+tales%22" style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px;">Courage 101: True Tales of Grit & Glory</a><span style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); color: #1d2129; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px;">" at Amazon!</span></span></b></div>
George M. Spencerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07818413936028778734noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-449226115154987491.post-47157253646097852202017-11-10T07:00:00.000-05:002018-07-17T19:31:58.835-04:00He Saved Western Civilization<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">“Victory—however how long and hard the road may be.”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEipoFJ3wvIJoUjySPTlay8jU-v93gLVe0va_CT5Z7PcKWmuMYh_0JwAgmljhrORnYVw6IGr80VTkBtbK2ni_9gJGMJh762ClWytq3Q-1lARyPnTMSqPRILM-l6cKa-V6AddWqROeBxo3zn8/s1600/images.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="230" data-original-width="219" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEipoFJ3wvIJoUjySPTlay8jU-v93gLVe0va_CT5Z7PcKWmuMYh_0JwAgmljhrORnYVw6IGr80VTkBtbK2ni_9gJGMJh762ClWytq3Q-1lARyPnTMSqPRILM-l6cKa-V6AddWqROeBxo3zn8/s1600/images.jpeg" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">Two days after Churchill became Prime Minister in May 1940, the Nazi
lightning advance conquered Luxembourg in a day. It crushed Holland in less
than a week. The Luftwaffe bombed Rotterdam to ashes, killing 1,000, destroying
30,000 buildings, and leaving 85,000 homeless. And the Germans would take
France in six weeks. Even just a few days after the Germans invaded France, a
top French general told Churchill "We are beaten." Churchill said it
was the most stunning thing he had ever heard in his life.</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">"Doom marches on," said Churchill. He said this
not in the spring of 1940 but in 1936 in the House of Commons where he was an MP, a
'backbencher' (a member who did not serve a role in the administration).
"Virtuous motives, trammeled by inertia and timidity, are no match for
armed and resolute wickedness,” he told Parliament, referring to the Nazi government's policy of rapid rearmament.</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">Churchill believed that the natural state of affairs
between nations was war, with periods of peace brief aberrations. He had
opposed the Treaty of Versailles, recognizing that its punitive terms would
cause Germany to fulminate again the victorious Allies. In 1931, he first
publicly warned of a coming war fomented by revenge-seeking Germans. </span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">As early as 1929, four years before Hitler seized power,
Churchill’s friends in the British government began leaking him secret documents
showing that Germany was rearming, violating the treaty. Throughout the 1930s,
ministry officials, at great risk to themselves, routinely violated secrecy
laws to give Churchill the latest secret reports on German militarization.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">“I shoot him down…”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">Churchill's vision was eagle sharp, his resolve
irrefragable. A great mystery it is how character arises. Born to great wealth, Churchill's parents did not love him. Sent away to boarding school at age seven, he was beaten mercilessly for two years. Another child would have cracked or given in to hate. Yet from these miseries arose an unbeatable will, love of freedom, and the instinct to sniff out evil at its earliest incarnation.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">In 1930, after a German diplomat met Churchill at a party, he
wrote a memo to Berlin saying that Churchill had told him "Hitler...will seize the first available opportunity to resort to armed
force." </span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">Shortly after Hitler did take power in 1933, Churchill
told another German diplomat in London (who also wrote a memo to Berlin) that
there was only one way to deal with Nazis. Comparing them to a mad dog, he
said, "If a dog makes a dash for my trousers, I shoot him down before he
can bite."</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">Hitler knew Churchill's views well. He often read
translations of his anti-Nazi speeches and articles. He knew Churchill was the one
British leader who was unafraid of him. British foreign policy towards Germany
in the 1930s often seemed designed not to offend Hitler, so great was the fear
of another Great War.</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">The two men almost met in 1932 in a Munich hotel. A
longtime friend of Hitler's offered to introduce Churchill to him, as he knew
that Hitler came to the hotel every day at five. Everything was set. </span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">Then, Churchill, an ardent Zionist since 1908, asked Hitler's friend, "Why is your chief so violent about the Jews?...What is
the sense of being against a man simply because of his birth? How can any man
help how he is born? Tell your boss for me that anti-Semitism may be a good
starter, but it is a bad stayer." When the friend conveyed these
sentiments to Hitler, he cancelled the meeting.</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">Four years earlier the British government had promised
the British people it would keep up with—and surpass—German military
rearmament. When it became clear that the government had failed to live up to
its promise, during a debate in Parliament, Churchill thundered that Britain's leaders had
been "decided to be undecided, resolved to be irresolute, adamant for drift,
solid for fluidity, all-powerful to be impotent....We are entering a period of
consequences....Germany may well reach the culminating point of her gigantic
military preparations..." In his speeches before Parliament, he warned that when war came again the Germans would rip through Holland and
Belgium into France.</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgIog8D1LFyoGeF8aW0S35f8z6NSUWdSIk383bpwm-OvNv3_tMRepQeLgf8T6ataUAqW-Yr6xm-n-uAVWHrZUDiHW41sKpYhnAMBmFGRa019S_9WhBk-dzqPiJRgEMD26awm1T9HjJtRstH/s1600/images-1.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="168" data-original-width="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgIog8D1LFyoGeF8aW0S35f8z6NSUWdSIk383bpwm-OvNv3_tMRepQeLgf8T6ataUAqW-Yr6xm-n-uAVWHrZUDiHW41sKpYhnAMBmFGRa019S_9WhBk-dzqPiJRgEMD26awm1T9HjJtRstH/s1600/images-1.jpeg" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">In that same year, in a series of lectures and newspaper
articles, Churchill begged England to wake up: "It is worth a supreme
effort—the laying aside of every impediment, the clear-eyed facing of
fundamental facts, the noble acceptance of risk inseparable from heroic
endeavor—to control the hideous drift of events and arrest calamity on the
threshold. Stop it! Stop it! Stop it!!! NOW is the appointed time."</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">Yet when the time came for Prime Minister Baldwin to
select a Minister of Defense he chose not Churchill but a lawyer whose greatest triumph had been to oppose changes to the Anglican prayer book. Not only had Churchill first been elected to Parliament in 1900 at
the age of 26, he was his government's civilian leader of the Royal Navy during
World War I.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">Churchill spent the 1930s in disgrace. The public wrongly
blamed him for a terrible British defeat during World War I at Gallipoli, Turkey, when a naval
landing he had planned went badly awry. He later changed parties, leading people to
think he was inconstant. Perhaps worst, he was a militarist at a time when few
in Europe (except the Nazis) thought that war would come in their
lifetimes.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">“What more can I do?”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">At one of his lowest moments in the 1930s he told his fellow parliamentarian
(and future prime minister) Harold Macmillan, “I have done my best. I have made
all the speeches. Nobody has paid any attention. All my prophecies have turned
out to be true. I have been publicly snubbed by the government. What more can I
do?”</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">Now two days after becoming prime minister, Churchill
spent the day drafting a radio address to the nation and a speech to
Parliament, both to be delivered the next day. Everyone knew England might find
its neck under the iron heel of fascism. (In 44 days the Battle of
Britain would begin, a prelude to naval invasion.)</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">In a brief appearance before the House of
Commons, Churchill told his nation:</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;">
</span><span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">"....I
would say to the House, as I said to those who've joined this government:
"I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat."</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">"We have before us an ordeal of the
most grievous kind. We have before us many, many long months of struggle and of
suffering. You ask, what is our policy? I will say: It is to wage war, by sea,
land and air, with all our might and with all the strength that God can give
us; to wage war against a monstrous tyranny, never surpassed in the dark and
lamentable catalogue of human crime. That is our policy. You ask, what is our
aim? I can answer in one word: victory. Victory at all costs, victory in spite
of all terror, victory, however long and hard the road may be; for without
victory, there is no survival."</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">Astonishingly, two weeks later when the
Nazi occupation of Western Europe was nearly complete, Churchill's foreign
secretary Lord Halifax told the press he would like to "invite Chancellor
Hitler to make a new and more generous peace offer."</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">Churchill saw things differently. He told
his family to personally prepare to kill German invaders. When his new
son-in-law asked what he could do, Churchill replied, "Get a carving knife
from the kitchen and take [it] with you." And to the French he said,
"Whatever you may do, we shall fight on forever and ever and ever."<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; text-indent: .5in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">MORAL: Never, never, never quit.</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></b><br />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"><br /></span></b>
<br />
<div style="text-indent: 0px;">
<span style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); color: #1d2129; font-family: cambria, serif; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px;">Buy the book "</span><a href="https://www.amazon.com/s/ref=nb_sb_noss?url=search-alias%3Dstripbooks&field-keywords=%22courage+101%3A+true+tales%22" style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); font-family: cambria, serif; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px;">Courage 101: True Tales of Grit & Glory</a><span style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); color: #1d2129; font-family: cambria, serif; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px;">" at Amazon!</span></div>
</div>
George M. Spencerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07818413936028778734noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-449226115154987491.post-22719900719351032012017-11-09T07:00:00.000-05:002018-07-17T19:32:16.790-04:00Heart Strangely Warmed<div class="MsoNormal">
<i><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "cambria" , serif;">"Catch on fire
with enthusiasm, and people will come for miles to watch you burn."</span></i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<i><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><br /></span></i></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7qA56etKogvvHdbB7zTd63-N7EIzsS_W6I9qBUDRzMy0udDxKRC39fPa-nHBUcIVLcLX3pvxPsVySVC4ybjYZiUiQMO9IolvryzV0ZkDFnfSoDFQJVWQlj7Zhb_5lAlXF0t2YcznULpXq/s1600/john-wesley-1703-1791-700x475.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="475" data-original-width="700" height="217" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7qA56etKogvvHdbB7zTd63-N7EIzsS_W6I9qBUDRzMy0udDxKRC39fPa-nHBUcIVLcLX3pvxPsVySVC4ybjYZiUiQMO9IolvryzV0ZkDFnfSoDFQJVWQlj7Zhb_5lAlXF0t2YcznULpXq/s320/john-wesley-1703-1791-700x475.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>"Knock his brains out! Down
with him! Kill him at once!" So shouted a mob of several hundred men
surrounding John Wesley. Riots often accompanied Wesley, the mild-mannered founder
of the Methodist Church. The worst violence he encountered probably came at the
coal-mining town of Wednesbury in October 1743. The rioting went on for six
days. Homes of Methodists were vandalized and wrecked. Wesley's followers
were beaten in the streets.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span></span><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">“It is no
wonder that Satan should fight for his own kingdom, when such inroads are made
upon it," Wesley remarked.</span><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>The mob marched him from place to
place in the rain, either trying to muster the courage to lynch him or to find
a magistrate to jail him. A 1903 biography of Wesley says the turning
point came when Wesley "began to pray aloud. Then the ruffian who had
headed the rabble, a prize fighter at the bear garden, struck with awe, turned
and said: "Sir, I will spend my life for you! Follow me, and not one soul
here shall touch a hair of your head!" One by one, members of the mob
felt ashamed, and Wesley went free."<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>He had a remarkable ability to keep
his head when people were throwing rocks at him or otherwise threatening to
kill him. </span><span lang="EN" style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">He believed that one must “always look a mob in the face.” <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN" style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>He had "an
indescribable dignity in his bearing, a light in his eyes, and a spiritual
influence pervading his whole personality often overawed and captured the very
leaders of the riots," said one admirer.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN" style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">"Plucked out the fire"<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN" style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> Th</span>e fifteenth child of
an Anglican cleric, he memorized much of New Testament while still a child.
From an early age, he believed that God had a special purpose for him in life.
When he was five years old, he was trapped in the home of a minster when it
caught on fire. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN" style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Upstairs and with no way out,
death looked certain until a parishioner (who was standing on another man's
shoulders) reached in the window and lofted him to safety. Throughout his life,
Wesley quoted Zechariah 3:3 saying he was "a brand plucked out of the
fire" to burn an impression on the souls of men.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN" style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Unfortunately, however, as
a young Anglican minister, Wesley got off to a dismal start. He showed courage in accepting an offer to be the minister of the church in the newly
created town of Savannah in the Colony of Georgia. But while crossing the
Atlantic, he fell in love with a young woman, Sophia Hopkey. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN" style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>He ultimately concluded
that his vows required him to be celibate. When she fell in love with another
man and married him, Wesley humiliated her by refusing to offer her communion.
It did not help that she was the niece of the local magistrate. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN" style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Wesley was reassigned to a
smaller parish. That did no good for her reputation. The magistrate brought
charges against Wesley calling him "a liar, villain, and so forth"
for defaming her. He asserted that Wesley denied her communion out of
revenge because she spurned his repeated marriage proposals.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN" style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> Ordered</span> not
to flee the colony, Wesley did exactly that. In December 1737, he fled Savannah
at night, sailing down the river. He then walked to South Carolina and bought
passage on the next ship home.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span lang="EN" style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPdh3obdLFuAyAqb26mYk9_xskQJ_uYxAV0sm_m6bu5pKHkThB_5RI7W-SqRjNFg71zR3FThRJvGENMJQ5KbIe8iTAjoYRTTQJ7DsyauEkEXfIsHfTzmGb8p_JtDy3Rax3qsLPwpNVdpiY/s1600/LNE_WCMM_LDWMM_1997_6628.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="681" data-original-width="944" height="230" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPdh3obdLFuAyAqb26mYk9_xskQJ_uYxAV0sm_m6bu5pKHkThB_5RI7W-SqRjNFg71zR3FThRJvGENMJQ5KbIe8iTAjoYRTTQJ7DsyauEkEXfIsHfTzmGb8p_JtDy3Rax3qsLPwpNVdpiY/s320/LNE_WCMM_LDWMM_1997_6628.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN" style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN" style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>But his miserable
experience in the New World contained the seeds of his spiritual rebirth.
During his voyage to the colonies, a furious storm hurled his ship terrifically,
snapping off its mast. Wesley was petrified. During the tumult, he watched his shipmates calmly praying and singing hymns. They were
Moravians, German Protestant settlers. The purity of their faith astonished
him.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span lang="EN" style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: 0.1pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Humiliated and depressed,
he felt adrift back in London. Then one day in May 1738, he came upon a group
of Moravians holding an evening service in Aldersgate Street. "</span><span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "cambria" , serif;">About a quarter before nine, while [the leader
of the service] was describing the change which God works in the heart through
faith in Christ, I felt my heart strangely warmed," Wesley recalled. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>"I felt I did trust in Christ, Christ alone for
salvation, and an assurance was given me that he had taken away my sins, even
mine, and saved me from the law of sin and death."<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>A year later Wesley received an invitation to preach
outdoors near the coal-mining town of Bristol. By the standards of the day,
this was a strange thing to do, but it was an excellent way to reach some of
England's most downtrodden people—coal miners, many of whom didn't go to
church.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>As an Anglican, Wesley had been brought up and taught to
believe in predestination which contends that God determines before men
are born whether or not they will go to Heaven or Hell. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "cambria" , serif;">"Going on to
perfection"<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Slowly, out of compassion for the poor and because he
believed God loves everyone equally, Wesley developed what would become a
primary tenant of the Methodist Church—prevenient grace. It asserts that God
loves all people before they are born, and that God's grant of free will gives
everyone the possibility of "going on to perfection," the chance to
live an increasingly better life whose reward will be eternity in heaven. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Wesley also took a dim view of corruption in the Anglican
Church, a stance that contributed to the opposition against him. He felt that it did far too little to reach people in the
greatest need of salvation. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Originally, his critics used the term "Methodist" to
mock Wesley and his followers as they believed one should have an organized approached to living a Godly life. </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: "cambria" , serif;">He also steadfastly opposed drinking and gambling. This
did not endear him to ruffians who thought he should mind his own business.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Wesley tirelessly promoted his young denomination. He preached as many as 15 sermons a week, many outdoors
and in places other than churches—wherever he could reach new souls. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>It is estimated he rode
his horse 250,000 miles to spread the gospel. By the time he died in 1791, he
left a thriving movement which had 72,000 members in England and 60,000 in the
United States.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background: white; color: #222222; font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Interestingly, his views on health and diet may have been
equally influential (and ahead of their time). His book "Primitive
Physick" was a best-seller. In it, he offered the following advice: Eat a</span><span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;"> light dinner
and fast for several hours before going to bed; retire at 9 p.m. and rise at 4
or 5 a.m.; work standing if you are in an office; shun coffee and tea because
they create anxiety; drink lots of water; exercise regularly, especially by walking;
exercise on an empty stomach; and take cold baths to stimulate the blood. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial;">MORAL:
Have faith. Stare down the mob.</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></b><br />
<br />
<span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px;">Buy the book "</span><a href="https://www.amazon.com/s/ref=nb_sb_noss?url=search-alias%3Dstripbooks&field-keywords=%22courage+101%3A+true+tales%22" style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); font-family: cambria, serif; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px;">Courage 101: True Tales of Grit & Glory</a><span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px;">" at Amazon!</span></div>
George M. Spencerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07818413936028778734noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-449226115154987491.post-1213624214412756822017-11-08T07:00:00.001-05:002018-07-17T19:32:25.298-04:00A Good Nose<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">“We don’t quit.”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">Harry</span>
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">Markopolos’ father owned a chain of
12 Arthur Treacher’s Fish ‘n’ Chips restaurants. As a child, he must have
developed a nose for knowing when something smells fishy. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">When he grew up he
became an investment advisor and portfolio manager at a Boston investment
company.</span> <span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">In 1999 another money manager at his
firm told him about a hedge fund that was earning its luxe clients a steady one
to two percent net return on their money every month—month after month, with
only a very few monthly exceptions. The question was—Should we get our clients
in on this action?</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>To Markopolos, this smelled like
week-old carp in August. After all, when Markopolos was a young man he
discovered fraud at his father’s restaurants—An employee was stealing
cases of frozen fish fingers, and Harry put his thumb down on the not-so-well
breaded bandit.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>It is impossible for any investment
to always return a profit (unless it is something like a bank savings account
that has a fixed return). Instantly, Markopolos knew he was looking at a Ponzi
scheme. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">This
type of financial rip-off gets its name from con artist Charles Ponzi who
promised investors fantastic returns. He was able to achieve this, for a while, by taking money from newcomers and parceling it out to those who got in first
on the deal. The only way it works is if the con man has a steady and growing
stream of new money coming in.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; text-indent: 0.5in;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; text-indent: 0.5in;">The $65 billion con</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>What Markopolos had stumbled onto
was Bernie Madoff’s $65 billion con game. His secretive, exclusive fund served some of the world's most prestigious institutions and most famous people, as well as the Russian mafia and international drug
cartels.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Back in 1999, Markopolos calculated
that based on how much money Madoff was taking in, he should have
been running the world’s largest hedge fund and therefore managing and actively trading as
much as six billion dollars. This was at a time when the best-known hedge
funds had no more than two to three billion under management. No matter how
hard Markopolos looked he couldn’t find traces of Madoff’s trading activity in
the financial markets. That meant he really wasn’t doing much trading at all.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> P</span>leased with this insight,
Markopolos in 2000 wrote an eight-page report and took it to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), the federal agency that regulates the American
banking and financial industries.</span><br />
<div style="text-indent: 0px;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; text-indent: 0.5in;"> “I
had given them the case on a silver platter and gift-wrapped it, too,” he said.
The result? Zip. Why? Markopolos guessed (correctly as it turned
out) that the SEC was staffed with lawyers, not finance wizards. The SEC
enforcement director he met with simply didn’t understand what he was
saying.</span></div>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Not one to give up, Markopolos went
back to the SEC in 2001 this time with an 11-page report, containing even more evidence
and asserting that Madoff had now sucked in $12 billion from investors. Again,
nothing happened. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">The
report got kicked up the ladder to the SEC’s New York office, but its chief there after the most superficial of reviews ruled that since Madoff was not a registered investment advisor he, therefore,
could not be conducting dishonest business as an investment advisor.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>For the next four years, Markopolos
and his small team of financial sleuths continued to investigate Madoff. In the
interim, in 2001 the well-respected U.S. financial journal Barron’s published a
disquieting report on Madoff’s business that had first appeared in an obscure finance
magazine. Result? Crickets.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">So,
in 2005 Markopolos wrote yet another report, this one 21-pages long, and gave
it once again to the SEC. Now he estimated that Madoff had pecked as much as $50 billion
from his pigeons.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>For a year, the SEC did nothing.
Then it actually sent agents to talk to Madoff. They suspected that he was
lying to them but concluded that his misdeeds, whatever they were, simply “were
not so serious as to warrant an enforcement action.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>In 2008, Markopolos tried again, and
again the SEC did nothing. But later that year the markets crashed, and Madoff,
unable to pay investors demanding money, was desperate. In December 2008,
his two sons, who worked for him, asked their father why he seemed so
distressed. Madoff confessed to them. The sons called an attorney. The attorney
called the SEC, and the next day Madoff was arrested.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">Packing heat</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Around this time, Markopolos started
packing a concealed .38 revolver. After all, he had helped bring down a man who was
managing money for Moscow mobsters and South American cocaine cartel leaders.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>As much as $65 billion vanished. The
hardest hit were hundreds of philanthropies, charities, museums, and
foundations around the world, as well as the Royal Bank of Scotland, the
Japanese investment firm Nomura, Massachusetts Pension Reserves, and wealthy
individuals such as Holocaust survivor Elie Wiesel, real estate magnate Mort
Zuckerman, the family of former New York Governor Eliot Switzer, and actor
Kevin Bacon.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Today Madoff is serving a 150 year
term in a federal penitentiary. Worst of all for Madoff is that his eldest son
hanged himself on the second anniversary of his arrest. His younger son
died of cancer four years later. His wife refuses to communicate with him.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Markopolos won acclaim for his
dogged pursuit of Madoff, and he’s become a global fraud investigator. Before
going in finance, Markopolos served in the Army. Today he says, “I came
from an Army background, and the one thing I can say about the Army is that we
don’t quit.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">MORAL: Make sure things add
up.<o:p></o:p></span></b><br />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><br /></span></b>
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); color: #1d2129; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px;">Buy the book "</span><a href="https://www.amazon.com/s/ref=nb_sb_noss?url=search-alias%3Dstripbooks&field-keywords=%22courage+101%3A+true+tales%22" style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px;">Courage 101: True Tales of Grit & Glory</a><span style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); color: #1d2129; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px;">" at Amazon!</span></span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
George M. Spencerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07818413936028778734noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-449226115154987491.post-7934768658501021902017-11-07T07:00:00.001-05:002018-07-17T19:32:39.163-04:00Spun Gold<div class="MsoNormal">
<i><span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">“I wanted as much action as I could since
it meant fun.”</span></i></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgfyt3gItl76oZZrsHLqFjAEOBWS0Zi6tbI5mAZqLEGsllMfY0h_au9jUXlG42yO4iKC_qjdnyAG2fEp9W324Kk9-y1G-FHA9A9K47woUs8KnYQX_1UAqACBeJoVTnjZ2I13lm4iOzI4uRc/s1600/garrett-robert-image.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="300" data-original-width="300" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgfyt3gItl76oZZrsHLqFjAEOBWS0Zi6tbI5mAZqLEGsllMfY0h_au9jUXlG42yO4iKC_qjdnyAG2fEp9W324Kk9-y1G-FHA9A9K47woUs8KnYQX_1UAqACBeJoVTnjZ2I13lm4iOzI4uRc/s1600/garrett-robert-image.jpg" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Imagine winning an Olympic gold
medal for an event you’ve never competed in—and have barely practiced for. That’s
what happened when Robert Garrett, the captain of the Princeton track team, decided to enter the discus competition in the first modern Olympics in
Athens in 1896.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Hardly anyone in America had heard
of the event much less ever held a discus. In fact, before coming to Greece,
Garrett had never even seen or touched a real discus. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">Having
no idea how big or heavy ancient ones were, he and a Princeton classics
professor found a description of one in the writings of Lucian, a
second-century Greek satirist. “A lump of brass, circular and not unlike a
small shield,” wrote Lucian.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">That
was all Garrett knew, and that was all he knew to tell the blacksmith he went
to. The result? A 30-pound, 12-inch diameter beast. Garrett could barely
lift it much less throw it. (“I guess he miscalculated a bit,” his grandson would
later say.) But he did try whirling this manhole-cover thing a few times,
including on the ship while crossing the Atlantic. He wasn’t worried about not
entering the discus event—his events were shot put, high jump, long jump, and
standing triple jump.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">Hasty race</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">Garrett
thought he might have more time to practice after arriving in Europe. But
planning for the Olympics in 1896 was not quite what it is today. The American
contingent of 13 athletes thought the games were going to start on April 18. Instead,
to their horror, they learned upon disembarking in Naples that the Greeks used
the archaic Julian calendar, and the games were actually opening on April 6.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">The Americans hurriedly crossed Italy overland, hopped another ship, and
then took a 10-hour train ride to get to Athens. Garrett and his fellow athletes immediately
went to<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Panathenaic Stadium to
familiarize themselves with area. Lo and behold, he found a discus lying on the
ground. To his amazement, it only weighed about five pounds and had an
eight-inch diameter. He tossed it a few times, and winning permission from another athlete’s to practice with his discus, he decided to enter the
event.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">This
took a bit of courage, especially because the favorite in the event was local hero
Panagiotis Paraskevopoulos. His nickname? “Discus demigod.” The correspondent
for The New York Herald wrote, “Garrett entered the arena unknown and
unheralded….The Athenians gazed with pity.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">The
event took place on opening day. Garrett’s first throw went awry and barely
went anywhere. His second hurl? Pathetic. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">American
competitor Thomas Custis described the competition this way: “His first two
attempts… were laughable, as the discus, instead of sailing parallel to the
ground, turned over and over and narrowly missed hitting some of the audience.
Both foreigners and Americans laughed at his efforts, he, himself, joining in
the general merriment.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">No one was more surprised</span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">"On his third and last throw, however,
he succeeded in getting the discus away perfectly and, to the chagrin of the
Greek champion who had made three perfect throws in the most graceful manner
possible, it was found that Garrett's throw exceeded by some two feet the best
throw of any other man. I think no one was more surprised than Robert Garrett
himself.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">A
true Princeton tiger, Garrett had whipped his discus 95 feet and eight inches.
That was seven-and-a-half inches further than the best the ‘demigod’ could do. Indeed, to everyone’s amazement, Garrett won the gold, one of four he took home. His spin job also set a new world’s record.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiKA9KazZotqd56ljQpRMeNiIfPozExpraaVeHiv9kQ3ppznSjpg2jTtmhJv71f-33QIHffdyhmQRlwSmj3XFhO2_l-f3WCShUwyMf0j0plRk19J5r_8UvoyMEpsHBEUI6YKf-WfPMSPStx/s1600/2009_0114_Archive_09.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="341" data-original-width="240" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiKA9KazZotqd56ljQpRMeNiIfPozExpraaVeHiv9kQ3ppznSjpg2jTtmhJv71f-33QIHffdyhmQRlwSmj3XFhO2_l-f3WCShUwyMf0j0plRk19J5r_8UvoyMEpsHBEUI6YKf-WfPMSPStx/s320/2009_0114_Archive_09.jpg" width="226" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">The
Greeks “were overwhelmed by the superior skill and daring of the Americans to
whom they ascribed a supernatural invincibility enabling them to dispense with
training and to win at games they had never before seen,” wrote travelogue
writer Burton Holmes.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">Sixty
years later, Garrett told a newspaper reporter, “I wanted as much action as I
could, since it meant fun. I got into the discus thing never figuring I’d do
anything but finish an absolute last.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center; text-indent: .5in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">MORAL:
Take a spin.<o:p></o:p></span></b><br />
<br />
<span style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); color: #1d2129; font-family: cambria, serif; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px; text-indent: 0px;">Buy the book "</span><a href="https://www.amazon.com/s/ref=nb_sb_noss?url=search-alias%3Dstripbooks&field-keywords=%22courage+101%3A+true+tales%22" style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); font-family: cambria, serif; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px; text-indent: 0px;">Courage 101: True Tales of Grit & Glory</a><span style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); color: #1d2129; font-family: cambria, serif; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px; text-indent: 0px;">" at Amazon!</span><br />
<span style="font-family: cambria, serif;"><b><br /></b></span></div>
George M. Spencerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07818413936028778734noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-449226115154987491.post-57784234017579423572017-11-06T06:30:00.000-05:002018-07-17T19:32:50.203-04:00Up Close<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">“I never back up.”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8tQw9aoXLXQYH-GV4emKlEbNG7nsWqZrSF4BTNobpNvmTZLAPytyuThpHCRmi5WGwyXUuU6QTMZMQp3PNMQPxCy1yf8n8n_5twNhY_-2x2IBj61puGNT4o8m3oaXmetOCL1Zo6nT50MWh/s1600/CC19.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="1280" data-original-width="1069" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8tQw9aoXLXQYH-GV4emKlEbNG7nsWqZrSF4BTNobpNvmTZLAPytyuThpHCRmi5WGwyXUuU6QTMZMQp3PNMQPxCy1yf8n8n_5twNhY_-2x2IBj61puGNT4o8m3oaXmetOCL1Zo6nT50MWh/s320/CC19.jpg" width="267" /></a></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="background: white; color: #181818; font-family: "cambria" , serif;">“In life,” says Chuck Close, “you can be dealt
a winning hand of cards, and you can find a way to lose, and you can be dealt a
losing hand and find a way to win. True in art and true in life: you pretty
much make your own destiny. If you are by nature an optimistic person, which I
am, that puts you in a better position to be lucky in life.” </span><span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">Chuck
Close is the world’s most famous living portraitist, and he knows a thing or
two about bad luck. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">His
paintings are unmistakable. He starts with a photograph of a face and then blows it up, placing it on grid that can be as large as eight by nine feet--or even larger. </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "cambria" , serif; text-indent: 0.5in;">He then dices the imag </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "cambria" , serif; text-indent: 0.5in;">into hundreds, even thousands of three-inch squares.</span><br />
<span style="background-color: white; color: #333333; font-family: "cambria" , serif; text-indent: 0.5in;">Then he painstakingly transfers by paintbrush the colors in each square onto his huge canvases. </span><span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; text-indent: 0.5in;">Up close
(so to speak), the face dissolves into blobs and dots of pointillist color, but
at a distance, the likeness is precise, yet fragmented, pixelated, and, yes, distorted,
almost like a stone mosaic made out of paint or a face seen through a rain-streaked window.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">In
his early years, his works were utterly merciless in their photorealism,
showing every tiny hair and deformity. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">“I
deconstruct”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">“</span><span style="color: #333333; font-family: "cambria" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">In my paintings,” says
Close, “I deconstruct a photo image—breaking it into pieces—and create a whole
new image. In fact, all artworks that interest me are constructed.”</span><span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Why such a fascination with the
minuscule? Says Close: As a child, “I would </span><span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "cambria" , serif;">take my grandmother’s
magnifying glass, and I’d scan the covers of the magazines, which during that
time were mostly hand-painted illustrations, to figure out how paintings got
made; what different touch each of them had.” </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "cambria" , serif;">He mostly paints self-portraits and faces of
friends, but has also done portraits of the Dalai Lama, Barack Obama, Brad
Pitt, and composer Philip Glass. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "cambria" , serif;">“There’s a real job in putting these little
marks together,” says Close. “They may look like hot dogs, but with them I
build a painting.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">A
born artist, when he was 11, he saw a Jackson Pollock in a museum, and he says,
<span style="background: white; color: #333333;">“I was absolutely outraged,
disturbed. It was so far removed from what I thought art was. However, within
two or three days, I was dripping paint all over my old paintings. <o:p></o:p></span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "cambria" , serif;">“In a way, I’ve been chasing that experience ever
since. That’s the reason I’ve been going to see shows in different galleries,
and trying to look at the work of emerging artists as much as I can, in an
attempt to recreate or re-live that sensation of being shocked.”</span><span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>His work is all the more remarkable
for two reasons. First, Close, who is 77, suffers from face blindness, whose formal name is prosopagnosia. As a result, he cannot remember people by
their faces. It would be all too convenient an explanation if that was why
Close paints faces, and some say he doesn’t actually have the disorder at all—It’s just a legend that surrounds the artist and his works.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Close, who might know best, doesn’t buy that. </span><span style="background: white; color: #333333; font-family: "cambria" , serif;">“I don’t think it’s
a coincidence that having face blindness, I paint people’s faces,” he says. “It’s
my way of getting closer to people. When I paint someone, it’s always a
person’s face I want to remember.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Completely paralyzed<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">Close
has confronted even worse woes. In 1988, when he was 48, a spinal-artery
collapse left him nearly completely paralyzed from the neck down. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">He
had already struggled with physical ailments as a child. The kidney disease
nephritis kept him in bed at home for a year when he was a sixth-grader. (At around the same time his father died, and his mother was diagnosed with
breast cancer.) He also had a rare neuromuscular disorder that made it hard for
him to pick up his feet. Plus, he was dyslexic.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifnV56WwcAtXq5H61zJu3E9J2OiEKAILNz1k9IHCwWmY3v-Y7xc2WWzO64kqjl9FI6LemzVRu8OYUkfMCbD6g8zktCIH_h2vEs1MYSqVCyfhywj0v3KbXjdTQQLxTol1dal7mqXQf8FId_/s1600/172-079_SelfScreen2012_0.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="275" data-original-width="228" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifnV56WwcAtXq5H61zJu3E9J2OiEKAILNz1k9IHCwWmY3v-Y7xc2WWzO64kqjl9FI6LemzVRu8OYUkfMCbD6g8zktCIH_h2vEs1MYSqVCyfhywj0v3KbXjdTQQLxTol1dal7mqXQf8FId_/s1600/172-079_SelfScreen2012_0.jpg" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">After
being reduced to quadriplegia, within eight months he was painting with a brush
held between his teeth. </span><br />
<span style="background: white; color: #181818; font-family: "cambria" , serif;">“The worst possible thing in the world can
happen to you, and you will overcome it,” he says. “You will be happy again.” </span><span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> A</span>fter months of additional intensive physical
therapy, he learned to paint with a brush strapped to his wrist, and he has regained much
more mobility over the years, though he remains confined to a wheelchair. His motorized easel
will rotate canvases and move them up and down to bring his works-in-progress
within his reach.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">“I
never back up,” says Close. “If I did, I’d never get the damn things [the
paintings] done.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<br /></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">MORAL:
Push the paint of your life around.<o:p></o:p></span></b><br />
<br />
<span style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); color: #1d2129; font-family: cambria, serif; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px; text-indent: 0px;">Buy the book "</span><a href="https://www.amazon.com/s/ref=nb_sb_noss?url=search-alias%3Dstripbooks&field-keywords=%22courage+101%3A+true+tales%22" style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); font-family: cambria, serif; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px; text-indent: 0px;">Courage 101: True Tales of Grit & Glory</a><span style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); color: #1d2129; font-family: cambria, serif; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px; text-indent: 0px;">" at Amazon!</span></div>
George M. Spencerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07818413936028778734noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-449226115154987491.post-425565888254571652017-11-04T07:00:00.002-04:002018-07-17T19:33:03.707-04:00The Deadly Seal<div class="MsoNormal">
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">Roger
Boisjoly would not take “No” for an answer. An aerospace engineer at the
Morton-Thiokol company, he was gravely concerned about the safety of Space
Shuttle launches. His Utah-based employer built the Shuttle’s external rockets.
Even during early testing of the rockets, he feared that a design flaw in its external rockets might
cause a Shuttle to explode on launch.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">Since the early 1980s, Boisjoly (pronounced like Beaujolais wine) had been his company’s senior structural engineer (technically a fluid dynamacist and aerodynamicist) overseeing the development and construction of the rockets’ casings and heading the company’s effort to redesign their seals and joints.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Sections of the rockets’ massive cylinders
were manufactured separately. When they were assembled one on top of each
other, massive O-rings separated the giant metal rings, and the structures were united in a joint sealed
with putty. Together they kept superheated gases from
leaking. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"> During the design process, however, the company altered the manner in which the cylinders
were built (partly to cut costs), and their assembly also deviated from the original engineering plans.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">Loss of resiliency</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">From
inspecting severely eroded seals from earlier missions, Boisjoly, who had worked in the space program since Apollo, knew that at low
temperatures the rubbery O-rings became brittle, and their loss of resiliency
might cause fiery gases from inside the rockets to leak, causing a catastrophe.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>When the Space Shuttle Challenger
launched on the morning of January 28, 1986, the temperature was 36 degrees, 15
degrees colder than on the day of any previous launch. Seventy-three seconds after
lift-off, what Boisjoly feared happened. The right solid-rocket booster
suffered a catastrophic structural failure. The Challenger erupted into a fireball, killing all seven astronauts.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Six months before the disaster,
Boisjoly had written a memo to his company’s senior vice president, predicting the O-rings would fail causing a “result [that] would be catastrophic
of the highest order—loss of human life.” <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">Partly
due to his concerns, the company formed a task force to study the effects of
cold on the O-rings; sadly, however, the project became bogged down in
paperwork and the feverish demands of keeping Shuttle launches on schedule.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>The night before the launch Boisjoly
and his colleagues argued for hours with their company’s executives, pleading with them to tell NASA to postpone lift-off. Finally, Morton-Thiokol told NASA to delay the launch. In response, NASA's deputy director of science and engineering George Hardy told
Morton-Thiokol: “I am appalled by your recommendation.” Another NASA executive said,
“God sake, Thiokol, when do you expect me to launch—next April?”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>As a result of this phone
conference, Morton Thiokol reversed its decision and gave NASA its blessing to
proceed.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>“I fought like hell to stop that
launch,” Boisjoly later said.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjC6QZvlJW09u_DJvdQ8okiZ04JOrWKwapYkWNVROmo8tR6MOWbSS0aWDHJ-M15soZzCjxuwo2N7aHCmuKWWlPfD4Rz85gguM9wlTA0IrPKKkQSCLQiraNcknAi_8u3drRs1KaPQDaGKUgF/s1600/Roger+Boisjoly.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="309" data-original-width="400" height="247" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjC6QZvlJW09u_DJvdQ8okiZ04JOrWKwapYkWNVROmo8tR6MOWbSS0aWDHJ-M15soZzCjxuwo2N7aHCmuKWWlPfD4Rz85gguM9wlTA0IrPKKkQSCLQiraNcknAi_8u3drRs1KaPQDaGKUgF/s320/Roger+Boisjoly.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>He mistakenly believed the Challenger would
explode at the moment the rockets ignited. As it rose into the sky, he became
increasingly relieved. The first minute after launch is the most dangerous. During that period, the spaceship passes through “maximum
dynamic pressure” when the physical forces on the vehicle are greatest. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;">Time of greatest danger</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"> Immediately after lift-off the rockets are actually throttled down to
reduce stresses on the spacecraft. At 68 seconds into the flight, ground
control told the Shuttle, “Go at throttle up,” meaning that the time of
greatest danger had passed, and the rockets could now rev up and 100 percent of their
power.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Boisjoly felt slightly relieved. A
colleague turned to him, saying “Oh, God! We made it!”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>“Roger, go at throttle up,” replied
mission commander Richard Scobee, sending the last transmission from the
shuttle. Seconds later the Shuttle disintegrated.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Some criticized Boisjoly for not
verbally dissenting from his company’s final decision when it was made on the conference call.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: "cambria" , serif;">“I never [would] take [away] any management right
to take the input of an engineer and then make a decision based upon that input,
and I truly believe that,” he later said. “There was no point in me doing
anything any further than I had already attempted to do…[but] I left the room
feeling badly defeated. I personally felt that management was under a lot of
pressure to launch and that they made a very tough decision, but I didn’t agree
with it.” <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: .5in;">
<span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: "cambria" , serif;">Boisjoly spent the next 24 years lecturing on
business ethics. He received the Award for Scientific Freedom and Responsibility
from the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 1988.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: "cambria" , serif;">MORAL: Stand your
ground. <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: "cambria" , serif;">Speak up for what is
right.</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , serif; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></b><br />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="background: white; color: black; font-family: "cambria" , serif;"><br /></span></b><span style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); color: #1d2129; font-family: cambria, serif; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px;">Buy the book "</span><a href="https://www.amazon.com/s/ref=nb_sb_noss?url=search-alias%3Dstripbooks&field-keywords=%22courage+101%3A+true+tales%22" style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); font-family: cambria, serif; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px;">Courage 101: True Tales of Grit & Glory</a><span style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); color: #1d2129; font-family: cambria, serif; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px;">" at Amazon!</span></div>
George M. Spencerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07818413936028778734noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-449226115154987491.post-39961155536977394282017-11-03T07:00:00.001-04:002018-07-17T19:33:15.874-04:00Surfacing to Life<div class="MsoNormal">
<i>"It was hot
territory, but where else would we want to go?"</i></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEid82lojIKxKxSmxRO2r1Get0VUcxH1dDKGGVApMv8Y-29DShKLwmKsp3R9q_-jroOoRurBC2h0J8Sxqvn3uQdlxUTqWZDPdlunBl5ZHeYpIbv7xpZ2r6No95Rpu-NAfSx-HETskECJz71G/s1600/okane.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="214" data-original-width="190" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEid82lojIKxKxSmxRO2r1Get0VUcxH1dDKGGVApMv8Y-29DShKLwmKsp3R9q_-jroOoRurBC2h0J8Sxqvn3uQdlxUTqWZDPdlunBl5ZHeYpIbv7xpZ2r6No95Rpu-NAfSx-HETskECJz71G/s1600/okane.jpg" /></a></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Only nine. <o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Of its crew
of 87 men, only nine survived the sinking of the submarine <i>USS </i><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Tang</i>. When they were rescued—by the
Japanese—further horrors awaited them.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>In October
1944, the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Tang</i> was on its fifth
patrol. Its commander Dick O'Kane, known as the underwater ace of aces, had
volunteered for the most dangerous assignment possible, cruising the Formosa Strait
between Formosa (present day Taiwan) and China. These narrow waters were heavily
trafficked by Japanese convoys. O'Kane knew the hunting would be good.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>"We
knew we were going into very dangerous waters," one crewman recalled.
"It was hot territory, but where else would we want to go?"<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>During its
first four patrols under O'Kane's aggressive command, the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Tang</i> had proven itself the deadliest U.S. sub in the Pacific.
It sank 33 enemy ships, more than any other in terms of numbers and
tonnage.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>On its last
patrol, the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Tang</i> sent eight Japanese
tankers and freighters to the bottom. O'Kane had also spotted a
distinctive vessel. It had a white hull and a red cross emblazoned on it—A
hospital ship. Another officer suggested he fire on it, telling O'Kane it might be
transporting as many as 10,000 Japanese soldiers.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>"We
play by the rules," O'Kane replied. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>While
serving as the executive officer on another sub, he was present on the
bridge when it sank a Japanese transport, sending hundreds of Japanese troops
into the water. His commanding officer gave orders to sink their lifeboats and
then shoot survivors in the water. That wasn't O'Kane's kind of
war. <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><o:p></o:p><br />
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><br /></span>
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">The Escape Trunk</span><br />
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Now, after
successfully firing 23 of his sub's 24 torpedoes, O'Kane sent the last one
hurtling towards a crippled transport. Instead, it malfunctioned, making a
'circular run.' Despite frantic evasive maneuvers, it struck the <i>Tang</i> 20
seconds after being fired. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>The massive
explosion killed half of the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Tang's</i>
87-member crew instantly. O'Kane and two other seamen scrambled to safety out
of the bridge and into the water.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>The sub went
down by the stern, but instead of sinking to the bottom, air trapped in the
forward ballast tanks kept it suspended nearly vertically in the water, its bow
bobbing a few feet above the surface. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>With the
sub dangling, there was no way the survivors could use the escape trunk in the
forward torpedo room. A sailor pulled a hydraulic lever flooding the tanks. Soon
the sub settled 180 feet down on the sea bed.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>As the
survivors fought their way to the torpedo room, the Japanese dropped depth
charges, rattling the sub and causing a slow-burning fire. The air grew
fouler by the minute.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Each
crewman had three options—Suffocate, escape, or shoot himself in the head.
"There was no panic," recalled motor machinist mate Clayton Decker.
"Everyone was calm."<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>The escape
trunk was the size of a phone booth. Here is how it worked: Several men would
seal themselves inside and fill it with sea water until the water pressure in
the trunk equaled the pressure outside. The first man out would release a
buoy connected by a rope to the sub. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Then each
man would clamber into the freezing, pitch-black darkness and rise slowly
hand-by-hand along the rope but not so quickly he would get the bends and
die upon surfacing. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Every
crewman had a special undersea rescue device—a Momsen Lung—and wore it strapped
to his chest. When a sailor exhaled into it, chemicals in the bag converted
carbon dioxide into oxygen, allowing for a slow ascent.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>The first
man out panicked. He got lost inside the superstructure of the sub, unable to
find the exit. Those inside heard him hit the hull again and again before
drowning. Other men panicked inside the escape trunk, refused to try to exit, and
crawled into bunks to die.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Of the 30 seamen
still alive (many of whom were too injured to enter the escape trunk), only 13
left the sub. "<span style="background: white; color: #222222;">You
never let go [of the rope]," said Decker. "Many of the guys who
didn’t make it didn’t get a hold of that line."</span> Only five survived the
ascent, one of whom reached the surface without using a Momsen Lung.<o:p></o:p><br />
<br />
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEheZ_4IXYop3X-vZPtdJIZ2-GdslwM12_Eu-fwQSA2WhUNOW07X6y4ytEdYZlULyNK69MFAaLV7HeTTL3of2H-PXn5JZi-xRQqVZcPDWlu2n0WzKFOxGpKE5fabYSMwfO4zXC3Lu-XLholC/s1600/RichardOKanewithPresidentTruman.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="175" data-original-width="220" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEheZ_4IXYop3X-vZPtdJIZ2-GdslwM12_Eu-fwQSA2WhUNOW07X6y4ytEdYZlULyNK69MFAaLV7HeTTL3of2H-PXn5JZi-xRQqVZcPDWlu2n0WzKFOxGpKE5fabYSMwfO4zXC3Lu-XLholC/s1600/RichardOKanewithPresidentTruman.jpg" /></a></div>
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>After
floating in the water for several hours, a Japanese ship picked up the nine
survivors. At first, the Japanese thought they were German sailors. This ship
happened to have picked up seamen from ships the <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Tang</i> had sunk. The enraged survivors and the ship's crew tortured
the Americans.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>"<span style="background: white; color: #222222;">They kept us on this hot steel deck under a
blazing sun for five days and five nights," said Decker. "We were a
mass of blisters. Those Jap survivors would grab us by the hair and stick lit
cigarettes up our noses. They just beat the shit out of us. No water, no food.
We thought, this is the end."<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="background: white; color: #222222;"><br /></span>
<span style="background: white; color: #222222;">"Torture Farm"</span><br />
<span style="background: white; color: #222222;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background: white; color: #222222;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>The <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Tang's</i> crew were sent to the Ofuna prison camp. Other POWs had
nicknamed it the "Torture Farm." The Japanese said the sub's crew had killed
civilians and refused to grant them POW status. As a result, they were given only half the
usual food ration and isolated from other prisoners. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background: white; color: #222222;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Until they were liberated in August
1945, O'Kane and his men beaten regularly.</span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">
</span>"The guards would sneak in and whack you with a club when you were
sound asleep," said Decker. "They didn't give a damn where they hit
you. Sometimes they'd even hit you in the back of the head and knock you
cold." <span style="mso-bidi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Of all the
crew, O'Kane suffered the most. When he was liberated, he was near death,
weighed only 88 pounds, and was suffering from jaundice, beriberi, and dysentery. Doctors only gave him a 50/50 chance of surviving. Instead he lived
to be 83 and died of pneumonia.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>"He
was without a doubt the finest submarine skipper in the entire Navy," said
Decker. He received the Medal of Honor and is buried at Arlington National
Cemetery. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b>MORAL: Sometimes you have to give</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b> up the ship to sail again.</b><br />
<b><br /></b><span style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); color: #1d2129; font-family: cambria, serif; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px;">Buy the book "</span><a href="https://www.amazon.com/s/ref=nb_sb_noss?url=search-alias%3Dstripbooks&field-keywords=%22courage+101%3A+true+tales%22" style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); font-family: cambria, serif; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px;">Courage 101: True Tales of Grit & Glory</a><span style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); color: #1d2129; font-family: cambria, serif; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px;">" at Amazon!</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
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George M. Spencerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07818413936028778734noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-449226115154987491.post-56020811771769758102017-11-02T07:00:00.001-04:002018-07-17T19:33:28.895-04:00Dressed to Kill<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: #1d2129; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">"Go big, or go home."</span></div>
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<span style="color: #1d2129; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Israeli-born Chaim Witz, 68, came to America at the age of eight. When he first saw Santa Claus, he thought he was a Russian rabbi. His mother was a Holocaust survivor. He grew up in poverty. No indoor plumbing. No toys. No phone. No toothpaste. "You actually don't need much," he now says. "But that doesn't mean you shouldn't have it all."<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #1d2129; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>When he emigrated to America, he'd never seen television or been inside a grocery store. To him, jam on Wonder Bread was a fantastic luxury. "America taught me no one has the right to make you feel less than what you are," he says. "No matter the difference in your skin color, your accent, or your religious beliefs, no one has the right to make you feel less than what you are...</span><br />
<span style="color: #1d2129; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> "The uniquely American spirit of individuality and pride allowed me to embrace the idea of entrepreneurship; that not only can you do anything—you can do everything."<o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="color: #1d2129; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> "Since you have all the opportunities [in America] the universe has to offer, you have no excuse for sitting on your thumb."</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: #1d2129; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>As a teen in Queens, N.Y., he sought out any job. He took typing lessons and worked as a secretary (partly to meet girls) and even worked at Glamour and Vogue. Obsessed with virile comic book heroes, he resold old comics often for big money.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: #1d2129; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>When Gene Simmons and his partner Paul Stanley started their business (which reflected his flair for fashion and machismo), neither knew anything about marketing, law, or had any education in their field. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="color: #1d2129; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">Named "The Demon"<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: #1d2129; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Today, thanks to the massive success of that business venture—the rock band KISS, he is one of the most famous people in the world. And what a presence he is—a black-and-white faced kabuki actor meets a Nazi SS officer meets a blood-spitting Godzilla meets a hairy-chested leather drag queen in massive platform heels. Or something. His bass-playing 'character' is named "The Demon." (The band's logo is actually banned in Germany and Israel where Nazi iconography is illegal.)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: #1d2129; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>When the band started, his philosophy was "Go big, or go home." That's attitude from someone who never had music lessons and still doesn't know how to read music." His attitude wasn't so much that he was a musician but that he was a business man in the music business. <o:p></o:p></span><br />
<span style="color: #1d2129; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> The band has 30 gold albums, more than 100 million in album sales, and according to Simmons was more popular than the Beatles and Led Zeppelin in the late 1970s.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: #1d2129; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Most prominent rock musicians appear appear reluctant to wave the flag. Not Simmons. "I will forever be grateful to America for going into World War II, when it had nothing to gain…and rescued my mother from the Nazi German concentration camps," he said. "She is alive, and I am alive because of America, and if you have a problem with America, you have a problem with me."<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="color: #1d2129; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> Despite Simmons' bombastic macho stage presence, growing up in poverty left him humble behind the greasepaint and with a strong desire to give back. "</span><span style="font-family: "times" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="background-color: white;">I do as much as a can all the time," he recently told Forbes. "Wounded Warriors, </span><a href="http://www.childrenwithcancer.org/" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #003891; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">Children with Cancer</a><span style="background-color: white;">, I support around 1,200 kids in Africa, about 140 kids through </span><a href="http://www.childfund.org/" style="box-sizing: border-box; color: #003891; text-decoration: none;" target="_blank">Child Fund</a><span style="background-color: white;">, which used to be the Christian Child’s Fund and then another thousand kids on my own that I feed. I try not to do press conferences and tug at anyone’s sleeves to convince them that I’m a good guy, but I’m a good guy. I sleep well. I think I am making a difference."</span></span><br />
<span style="color: #1d2129; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;"> "Sink or swim," he says. "You have to jump into the deep end. If you wait until you are ready, you will wait forever.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="color: #1d2129; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">MORAL: Lick it up.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" style="margin: 0in; text-align: center;">
<span style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); color: #1d2129; font-family: cambria, serif; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px;">Buy the book "</span><a href="https://www.amazon.com/s/ref=nb_sb_noss?url=search-alias%3Dstripbooks&field-keywords=%22courage+101%3A+true+tales%22" style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); font-family: cambria, serif; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px;">Courage 101: True Tales of Grit & Glory</a><span style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); color: #1d2129; font-family: cambria, serif; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px;">" at Amazon!</span></div>
George M. Spencerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07818413936028778734noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-449226115154987491.post-34074820144914174322017-11-01T07:00:00.001-04:002018-07-17T19:33:43.313-04:00He Was Hooked<div class="MsoNormal">
<i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">"It is not what
you have lost but what you have left that counts."</i></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Harold
Russell had never acted before. He had never even been in a Hollywood movie before, yet
he took home not one but two Academy Awards for his portrayal of sailor Homer
Parrish in "The Best Years of Our Lives." <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>This 1946
movie also won the Oscar for Best Picture, beating Jimmy Stewart's "It's a
Wonderful Life." It depicts the difficult transition of three soldiers
returning to civilian life after World War II. Film critic Roger Ebert called
'Best Years' "lean, direct, honest about issues that Hollywood then
studiously avoided."<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Russell won
the Best Supporting Actor honor. And because the Academy thought he had no chance
of winning, it gave him an honorary Oscar for "bringing hope and
courage to his fellow veterans." <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Like the
character he portrayed, Russell lost both hands during the war. It
wasn't a combat injury. Though he had wanted to be a paratrooper, Uncle Sam
deemed that he would better serve America as a demolitions (and parachuting)
instructor. On June 6, 1944—D-Day—he was stateside preparing to train soldiers.
A fuse malfunctioned. It detonated the TNT in his hands.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Because of
the day's events in Europe, an unusually long briefing kept Russell from his
duties. "When [the meeting was] over, we've still got about a thousand
troops to run through a live ammo, live explosives obstacle course," he
said. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
"It's late in the day…"<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>"I
started helping the guys make up explosive charges…It's late in the day, and we
have to hurry it up. What I didn't realize was those blasting caps had been
sitting out in the sun on a blanket for two hours, and they were touchy. I put
one in a quarter-pound of nitro-starch, and that was it."<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Russell had
signed up the day after Pearl Harbor. He'd been a meat cutter and manager in a
grocery store. He didn't enlist for patriotic reasons. He did so because he
thought he was a failure.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Recuperating
in Walter Reed General Hospital, Russell sunk into depression. "I was one
sorry sack [of shit]," he recalled. "If I'd had the guts, I would
have killed myself."<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Given a
choice of steel hooks or plastic hands, he took the hooks. They were articulated;
each tip had two gleaming prongs that allowed him to grasp objects. "I
don't need to be beautiful," Russell said.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>While in the hospital, he saw the morale
boosting film "Meet McGonegal." It was about a World War I vet who
had lost his hands. "Turns out he's also a millionaire, made it all
selling real estate in Southern California after the war," said Russell.
"One day I hear McGonegal is coming to Walter Reed to talk to the vets,
and I tell the doctor, 'I have to meet that man. This is like Santa Claus
coming!'<o:p></o:p></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>"He
was great. He told me the reason he was such a success as a salesman was that
no one ever forgot him….He taught me to put the hook out and shake hands, break
the ice, get it over with. If people can't cope, you're better of finding out
right away."<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Russell
learned how to use the hooks in six weeks. He became so deft with them the Army
put him in the training film "Dairy of a Sergeant." It depicted how
he went about life in an easy, graceful, even joyful, way.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>At the
time, movie director William Wyler was casting "Best Years." He
happened upon the film, and Russell got an unexpected chance at stardom.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Wyler said he "gave the finest
performance I have ever seen on the screen" because of his "true
depth of feeling."<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
"Dependent as a baby"<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>In one of
the film's many moving scenes, Russell's character invites his fiancée up to his bedroom. (She is literally the girl who lives next door.) He has no plan to
seduce her. Instead he wants her to understand what living with him would be
like. <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>He has her
remove the harness that straps his hooks to torso and arms. "This is when
I know I'm helpless," his character says. "My hands are down there on
the bed. I can't put them on again without calling to somebody for help. I
can't smoke a cigarette or read a book. If that door should blow shut, I can't
open it and get out of this room. I'm dependent as a baby that doesn't know how
to get anything except to cry for it." <o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>At a time
when people with physical disabilities were never seen in movies, except as
monsters or freaks, "Best Years" showed Russell going through life as
normally as anyone else. The movie has him plucking a cigarette from a pack,
dialing the telephone, and even deftly sliding a wedding ring on his fiancee's
finger.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Russell
married his real-life sweetheart in 1947, and they remained together until her
death in 1978. He became the national chairman of Amvets, a veterans' group,
and founded the World Veterans Foundation. President Kennedy made him vice
chair of the President's Committee on Employment of the Handicapped, and Presidents Johnson and Nixon reappointed him.<o:p></o:p></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Russell
took life in stride (except when he learned that his pay of $6,000 for his work
in 'Best Years' was far less than the $100,000 the film's other stars took home).
He rose far above what others might have thought was a dis-abling event. He joked that
he was so good at using his hooks he could pick up anything—except the dinner
check.<br />
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<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="List Continue 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Message Header"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="11" QFormat="true" Name="Subtitle"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Salutation"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Date"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text First Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Body Text Indent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Block Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Hyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="FollowedHyperlink"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="22" QFormat="true" Name="Strong"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="20" QFormat="true" Name="Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Document Map"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Plain Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="E-mail Signature"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Top of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Bottom of Form"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal (Web)"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Acronym"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Address"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Cite"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Code"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Definition"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Keyboard"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Preformatted"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Sample"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Typewriter"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="HTML Variable"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Normal Table"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="annotation subject"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="No List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Outline List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Simple 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Classic 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Colorful 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Columns 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Grid 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table List 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table 3D effects 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Contemporary"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Elegant"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Professional"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Subtle 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Web 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Balloon Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" Name="Table Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Table Theme"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 7"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 8"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true"
Name="Note Level 9"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Placeholder Text"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="No Spacing"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" SemiHidden="true" Name="Revision"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="34" QFormat="true"
Name="List Paragraph"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="29" QFormat="true" Name="Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="30" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Quote"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="60" Name="Light Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="61" Name="Light List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="62" Name="Light Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="63" Name="Medium Shading 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="64" Name="Medium Shading 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="65" Name="Medium List 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="66" Name="Medium List 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="67" Name="Medium Grid 1 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="68" Name="Medium Grid 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="69" Name="Medium Grid 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="70" Name="Dark List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="71" Name="Colorful Shading Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="72" Name="Colorful List Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="73" Name="Colorful Grid Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="19" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="21" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Emphasis"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="31" QFormat="true"
Name="Subtle Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="32" QFormat="true"
Name="Intense Reference"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="33" QFormat="true" Name="Book Title"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="37" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" Name="Bibliography"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="39" SemiHidden="true"
UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="TOC Heading"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="41" Name="Plain Table 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="42" Name="Plain Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="43" Name="Plain Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="44" Name="Plain Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="45" Name="Plain Table 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="40" Name="Grid Table Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="Grid Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 5"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="Grid Table 1 Light Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="Grid Table 2 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="Grid Table 3 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="Grid Table 4 Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="Grid Table 5 Dark Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="Grid Table 6 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="Grid Table 7 Colorful Accent 6"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46" Name="List Table 1 Light"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51" Name="List Table 6 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52" Name="List Table 7 Colorful"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 1"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="51"
Name="List Table 6 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="52"
Name="List Table 7 Colorful Accent 2"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="46"
Name="List Table 1 Light Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="47" Name="List Table 2 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="48" Name="List Table 3 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="49" Name="List Table 4 Accent 3"/>
<w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="50" Name="List Table 5 Dark Accent 3"/>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">MORAL: Be like Homer—run the bases.<o:p></o:p></b><br />
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); color: #1d2129; font-family: cambria, serif; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px;">Buy the book "</span><a href="https://www.amazon.com/s/ref=nb_sb_noss?url=search-alias%3Dstripbooks&field-keywords=%22courage+101%3A+true+tales%22" style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); font-family: cambria, serif; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px;">Courage 101: True Tales of Grit & Glory</a><span style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); color: #1d2129; font-family: cambria, serif; font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px;">" at Amazon!</span></b></div>
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George M. Spencerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07818413936028778734noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-449226115154987491.post-46548474585707637372017-10-31T07:00:00.000-04:002018-07-17T19:34:05.171-04:00He Dug Deep<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
"<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">A
hurricane of frightful power”</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12pt;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgV7jpqkUF6-F94kCDHxxulsabdjT8rmKRrD6nsiiiVCfExyVAK9GZ3hnGYciiYjs7McIm7zveryMPCcNXTYCpFWaPO6b_N7euHhwcYpc5iQyfzDwkcA5HQnPYyVw5eN5t9ahuRFl4bywua/s1600/162px-Alfred_Ely_Beach.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="267" data-original-width="162" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgV7jpqkUF6-F94kCDHxxulsabdjT8rmKRrD6nsiiiVCfExyVAK9GZ3hnGYciiYjs7McIm7zveryMPCcNXTYCpFWaPO6b_N7euHhwcYpc5iQyfzDwkcA5HQnPYyVw5eN5t9ahuRFl4bywua/s1600/162px-Alfred_Ely_Beach.jpg" /></a></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>If you were a businessman in
Manhattan in the 1860s and 1870s, you wanted William ‘Boss’ Tweed as a friend.
He ran the Democratic Party’s political machine. It controlled the city. What’s
more, Tweed was the Big Apple’s third-biggest landholder. Nothing happened
without Tweed’s permission—at least until 1877 when he went to prison for
stealing tens of millions of dollars from taxpayers.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Even back in those days, traffic was
terrible in New York City, especially Manhattan. </span><span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12pt;">Alfred
Ely Beach had a dream—a subterranean dream—and he defied Tweed. Beach wanted to
build a subway. Tweed didn't.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Beach was no eccentric. He knew how
to make an underground train system work. He had the scientific, legal, and business
savvy, and the money to make it happen. What he didn’t have was Tweed in his
back pocket.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Born into a wealthy New York City family,
Beach had in 1849 proposed the construction of an underground horse-powered
tram system. That idea went nowhere. Around the same time, he designed and
patented a typewriter for the blind. It embossed letters on paper. That notion
fizzled, too.<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>He then became publisher of <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The New York Sun</i> newspaper. It was the
city’s first daily paper that cost only a penny. It was also the first paper to
publish lurid crime stories. The result? A huge success. <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Then a new publication called <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Scientific American</i> came to his
attention. Oddly, though, it published poetry and essays. Beach had big plans
for it. As its co-owner, he turned into a publication about scientific progress.
<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Experts on the history of American
patents think Beach’s vision for the magazine caused such excitement in the
scientific community that it was at least partly responsible for the vast jump
in the number of patent applications during the mid-1800s—from 600 in 1846 to
20,000 in 1886.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Ambitions
ran low<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>But
Beach’s ambitions ran low, much lower than patents and papers. His underground
urgings led him to found the Beach Pneumatic Power Company. In 1867 his
Scientific American proclaimed: “It is probable that a pneumatic railway of
considerable length for regular traffic will soon be laid down near New-York,
under the auspices of the Pneumatic Dispatch Company of New Jersey, of which
Mr. Beach has lately been elected President.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Instead of being powered by ponies,
his subway would run on air-power. A giant fan would propel underground
carriages. It would push them with air, or when the fan's direction was
reversed, it would suck them onward.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Beach's problem was political, not
technological. He went before New York City’s government and proposed the
following: He would build not a "railway of considerable length" but
a test line consisting of one stop with one car. It would run 312-feet
underneath Broadway connecting Murray Street and Warren Street. (This is near
the Wall Street area in the southern tip of Manhattan.)<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Unfortunately, local—and
powerful—landowners felt threatened by digging near or under their properties. The
millionaire John Jacob Astor came out against the project. He was one of the
city's biggest landlords. Alexander T. Stewart wanted no mechanical moles
burrowing anywhere near his buildings, threatening their stability. He owned
the Marble Palace (otherwise known by its lower Manhattan address '280
Broadway). It was the city's first department store and had a well-heeled
clientele. And, unfortunately for Beach, the swank store stood on Broadway one
block north of Warren Street.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>What’s more, there were also
discussions in New York City about building an ‘el’ system, a network of 'el'-evated
trains. Property owners preferred that plan. And “Boss” Tweed liked it, too. He
especially fancied the thought of the millions of dollars he would
surreptitiously make in bribes from its construction.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>In the end, Beach could only get the
city fathers to approve tunneling to build much smaller postal tubes. A system
of shooting air-powered underground mail had already proven successful in
London. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>He wasn’t going to give up on his
dream. "I won't pay political blackmail," Beach told his brother, who
was the co-publisher of The Sun. "I say, let's build this subway
furtively." <span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>After getting his permit, Beach quietly
went back to the city. He had the permit amended so he could dig a tunnel with
a greater diameter. No one noticed, and Beach had his day in the sun—or in the
dark, as the case may be.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjCk-uVQbLdPPdSpc756hmo4WD5eAEa9cKC8A0_bitAdXSHvo-2E5mIvq0ZWWrYe_jLJKciCJKChpSyG6zoSkxxpVHpKY5hy2D8QqT2iiIvV9uEYi1U9_62hCtBu6P3Nu3MqiJ5UY3iiwtQ/s1600/BeachPortal.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="238" data-original-width="214" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjCk-uVQbLdPPdSpc756hmo4WD5eAEa9cKC8A0_bitAdXSHvo-2E5mIvq0ZWWrYe_jLJKciCJKChpSyG6zoSkxxpVHpKY5hy2D8QqT2iiIvV9uEYi1U9_62hCtBu6P3Nu3MqiJ5UY3iiwtQ/s1600/BeachPortal.jpg" /></a></div>
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<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>His men dug secretly in the day
using a hydraulic tunneling bore. To help keep the project hush-hush, the
resulting great heaps of dirt were brought to the surface and hauled away by
teams of horse-drawn wagons only at night. Beach went to such lengths that the
wagons had muffled wheels. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>When the mayor wanted to visit this
stygian construction site, Beach refused to let him descend. After all, Beach
was footing the bill. It's estimated he sunk somewhere between $70,000 and
$350,000 of his own funds into the project ($1.2 million to $6.1 million in
today's money).<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>In February 1870 Beach opened his
subway to wonderful acclaim. First, passengers entered through air-tight doors
in Devlin's, a men's clothing store. Then they descended into a 112-foot-long
waiting room. <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">The New York Times</i>
reported that instead of a “dismal, cavernous retreat,” travelers found a
“light, airy tunnel” complete with an “elegant reception room.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Here passengers waited in style amid
Greek-style statues. Gas lamps burning in chandeliers kept the hall brightly
lit. Those waiting enjoyed gazing at frescoes and at goldfish swimming in a fountain.
There was even a baby grand piano.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Adjacent to the hall was the Great
Aeolor. This steam-powered air pump got its name from Aeolus, the god the
ancient Greeks believed controlled the winds. But most people called the grand gizmo
The Western Tornado.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">Its
enormous throat<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Wrote one passenger: "As we
went in, we felt a gentle breeze; but after we arrived at the mouth of the
great blower, and while we were gazing in wonder at the motions of the gigantic
blowing-wings, the engineer put on more steam and increased the speed, so that
the blast instantly became a hurricane of frightful power. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>"Hats, bonnets, shawls,
handkerchiefs, and every loose thing, were snatched away from our hands and
swept into the tunnel; while all of us, unable to stand against the tornado,
hastily retreated from the machine to a corner of the air-box, where we were
slightly sheltered. At this juncture the speed of the Aeolor was reduced, the
storm was over, and only a gentle summer’s breeze issued from its enormous
throat.”<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>The train did indeed have one car
which held 22 passengers. It ran 312 feet in a tunnel that was nine feet in
diameter. It went 10 miles per hour. The fare was 25 cents. All proceeds
benefited a home for orphaned children of men who fought for the Union Army in
the Civil war. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>The <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Times</i> raved that Beach's conveyance was "the most novel, if
not the most successful, enterprise that New York has seen in many a day.” The
public agreed. Beach sold 400,000 tickets.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>He wanted to dramatically extend his
subway. "We propose to operate a subway all the way to Central Park, about
five miles in all," said Beach. "When it's finished we should be able
to carry 20,000 passengers a day at speeds up to a mile a minute." <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>That, however, was not to be. Tweed
was furious and shut him down after a year. Nonetheless, Beach fought back. Bills
supporting an expanded subway line passed in the state legislature in 1871 and
1872, but the governor, who was conveniently in Tweed's employ, vetoed them,
saying the project lacked adequate state and city supervision.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Finally, in 1873 when it looked like
Beach would get political approval and financial backing, the U.S. fell into a
severe depression, and his financial backers had to withdraw their proposed
funding. <o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;">
<span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>For a time, Beach rented out his
underground world as a rifle range and then as a wine cellar. Ultimately, those
ventures failed, and when Devlin's burned to the ground, the entrances to the
subway were sealed and not opened again until 1912 when the city built the BMT
subway line. His subway car was donated to Cornell. Its whereabouts are now unknown.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<br /></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">MORAL:
Get down if you want <o:p></o:p></span></b></div>
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<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;">get up in
the world.<o:p></o:p></span></b><br />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "cambria" , serif; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><br /></span></b><span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px;">Buy the book "</span><a href="https://www.amazon.com/s/ref=nb_sb_noss?url=search-alias%3Dstripbooks&field-keywords=%22courage+101%3A+true+tales%22" style="caret-color: rgb(29, 33, 41); font-family: cambria, serif; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px;">Courage 101: True Tales of Grit & Glory</a><span style="color: #1d2129; font-family: "cambria" , serif; letter-spacing: -0.2666666805744171px;">" at Amazon!</span><br />
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<br /></div>
</div>
George M. Spencerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07818413936028778734noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-449226115154987491.post-45572568363562783212017-10-30T07:00:00.000-04:002018-07-17T19:34:14.927-04:00Get on the Beat<div class="MsoNormal">
"There is a measure of justice."<o:p></o:p></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4wQdlYxpMQK2FI87ZI0ApE4JBGhQrPjNk9Qgmo1R_M-oHFRSrd6kjYWKoG0RLQIne7cRDtt2Q9Ya9LGNsgwnusA1mIeW0IuzOUF0vt6fwNs34fh-v2jDgdjfzx8YCpM-Pld-2ErUiKdUt/s1600/3584271_forssmann.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="698" data-original-width="960" height="232" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4wQdlYxpMQK2FI87ZI0ApE4JBGhQrPjNk9Qgmo1R_M-oHFRSrd6kjYWKoG0RLQIne7cRDtt2Q9Ya9LGNsgwnusA1mIeW0IuzOUF0vt6fwNs34fh-v2jDgdjfzx8YCpM-Pld-2ErUiKdUt/s320/3584271_forssmann.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>In 1879, surprising
as it may seem, doctors had yet to fully understand how the heart worked as a
pump. In that year three French physiologists conducted what was then a most peculiar
experiment. They threaded a catheter into a horse's jugular vein and then into
the animal's heart. Once there, they inflated the balloon's tip. Why? To see if
the animal's ventricle was actively contracting. It was. They published the
result of this experiment in their book <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Lecons
de Physiogie Operatoire.</i><o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>It so
happened that 50 years later a German surgical resident Werner Forssmann, 25,
found a dusty copy of the book in his cupboard. He became obsessed with the
description of the experiment and its accompanying pictures. He tore the
drawings out of the book and carried them everywhere.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>At this
time there no such thing as open-heart surgery. Doctors regarded the heart as a
type of sacred chamber, one so fragile that they rarely, if ever, performed
experiments on it, much less procedures. <o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Forssmann
was not like his peers. He likely asked himself, "What could doctors do if
they could see inside a beating heart? Could you insert a catheter into a
heart, inject dye, and then X-ray the organ—all without harming a patient? In what
unimaginable ways might patients' lives be saved?"<o:p></o:p></div>
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Only on rabbits<o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>He asked a
senior physician, a Dr. Schneider, if he could explore this notion. Yes, he was
told, but you may only experiment on rabbits. When he asked his supervisor if
he could perform this experiment on humans, namely himself, his boss replied,
"Drop this suicidal idea. What could I tell your mother if one day we
should find you dead?" After all, such catheters might become tangled in patients'
hearts and kill them.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Undeterred,
Forssmann practiced on cadavers and then enlisted (or perhaps seduced) an
accomplice, an operating room nurse named Gerda Ditzen. "[I] prowl[ed]
around her like a sweet-toothed cat around the cream jug," he later wrote.
He told her that he would perform the procedure on her and that it would be
absolutely harmless.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Whether
Ditzen was seduced by the notion of furthering science or otherwise seduced,
she agreed, and the two of them went to a procedure room. Once there, she
obtained the necessary equipment, especially a uretheral catheter. (Of course,
at that time cardiac catheterization equipment had yet to be invented.)<o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Forssmann then strapped her arms and legs to
the exam table. This is not nearly as lurid as it sounds. Forssmann needed her
help because only she had the keys to unlock the surgical supplies he needed. As
a lowly resident, he wasn't trusted with such access. <o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>He
pretended to ready her for the experiment. Once she was unable to stop him, he
numbed his arm and inserted the tubing deep into his body—but not quite into
his heart. Indeed, once she realized what was going on, she yelled for him to
stop.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Now
Forssmann had another problem. In his enthusiasm to perform the experiment, he realized
they were in a room that had no X-ray machine. Thus, there would be no proof he
had catheterized himself. So, the two of them walked down to the hospital's
basement with the tube stuck near his heart.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Once there,
one of Forssmann's colleagues tried to rip out the catheter. Instead, Forssmann
overcame him. He pushed the catheter into his heart, and X-rays were taken.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>At first,
Dr. Schneider was furious. But then he relented and took the young doctor out
to celebrate at a "low-ceiling wine tavern" where waiters were
impeccably attired.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Forssmann
published the results of this and follow-up experiments. The resulting
publicity got him fired from a new job as a surgeon in a different hospital.
The chief of surgery resented his showboating. <o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>And that
ended Forssmann's career as a surgeon. "The time was not yet ripe for this
discovery," he wrote, and in the early 1930s Forssmann became a urologist.
<o:p></o:p></div>
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"A more critical distance"<o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>He also
joined the Nazi Physicians League. While working in a Berlin prison in 1943, he
tried but failed to convince the warden to allow him to sedate political
prisoners before they were executed. <o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Perhaps
more chilling, in 1937 Forssmann met Karl Gebhardt, the personal doctor of SS
chief Heinrich Himmler. Along with Hitler, Himmler masterminded the
Holocaust. Gebhardt was convicted of crimes against humanity at the
Nuremberg Trials and executed. Gebhardt knew of Forssmann's cardiac research. He offered to supply with him with subjects for human experimentation. Forssmann
refused.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>According
to Forssmann's personal correspondence during the war (and with Jewish colleagues
in the 1960s), while he was infatuated with Nazism in the early 1930s, he
"developed a more critical distance to Nazi ideology," according to a
paper in <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">Urologia Internationalis</i>.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Forssmann
"will be remembered as the man who saved many innocent victims from the
Nazis," according to a review of his autobiography in the British Medical
Journal.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg9hOMmy227gGrsnvWV4lm0bnfgJc0ZVkIMamj08TYkgrLHRyjF21W5pRVY2xQYLXm3xz5XhNSucObEgI0PFUHR3_B76wFrhXTeZNeE4QLiSQbB0SM93s77G40ahI4Y2xt8uDiFBypkZLad/s1600/3584273_Werner_Forssmann.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="670" data-original-width="960" height="223" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg9hOMmy227gGrsnvWV4lm0bnfgJc0ZVkIMamj08TYkgrLHRyjF21W5pRVY2xQYLXm3xz5XhNSucObEgI0PFUHR3_B76wFrhXTeZNeE4QLiSQbB0SM93s77G40ahI4Y2xt8uDiFBypkZLad/s320/3584273_Werner_Forssmann.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>After being
captured and put in a POW camp, Forssman became a lumberjack and then a country
doctor. <o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>On October
11, 1956, while having a drink a pub, his wife called to tell him to rush home.
Someone with a foreign accent had called. He continued drinking and arrived
home late at night. Someone else called. He refused to take the phone.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>The next
day he performed two operations. He heard that two Americans had received the
Nobel Prize for their work in the field of cardiac catheterization. Accounts
vary, but Forssmann felt either crestfallen or numb. All his life his work had
been ignored.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>Then the
head of the hospital burst into the operating room. There was good news—He,
too, had won a Nobel Prize.<o:p></o:p></div>
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<span style="mso-tab-count: 1;"> </span>"I
feel like a village parson who has just learned that he has been made
bishop," Forssmann said. "It seems that sometimes there is a measure
of justice in our world."<o:p></o:p></div>
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<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">MORAL: Get to the heart of the matter.<o:p></o:p></b></div>
<div align="center" class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div align="center" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin: 0in; text-align: center;">
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George M. Spencerhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07818413936028778734noreply@blogger.com0